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The focus of these lecture notes is on abstract models and basic ideas and results that relate to the operational semantics of programming languages largely conceived. The approach is to start with an abstract description of the computation…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Roberto M. Amadio

Earlier work on modular arithmetic of k-ary representations of length L of the natural numbers in quantum mechanics is extended here to k-ary representations of all natural numbers, and to integers and rational numbers. Since the length L…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Paul Benioff

In this paper, we intend to revisit Theorem 2 of [3] formulating it in a way that, weakening the hypotheses and, at the same time, highlighting the richer conclusion allowed by the proof, it can potentially be applicable to a broader range…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2013-10-30 Biagio Ricceri

We are used to thinking of an operator acting once, twice, and so on. However, an operator acting integer times can be consistently analytic continued to an operator acting complex times. Applications: (s,r) diagrams and an extension of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-02-03 S. C. Woon

We employ the framework of operational calculus to derive the operators associated with the spherical mean and a class of related averaging means of a function in $n$-dimensional space. Beginning with the classical definition of the…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2026-01-23 Julius Lehmann

In the last decades, several objects such as grammars, economical agents, laws of physics... have been defined as algorithms. In particular, after Brouwer, Heyting, and Kolomogorov, mathematical proofs have been defined as algorithms. In…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Gilles Dowek

In this paper we study two types of means of the entries of a nonnegative matrix: the \emph{permanental mean}, which is defined using permanents, and the \emph{scaling mean}, which is defined in terms of an optimization problem. We explore…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2016-05-24 Jairo Bochi , Godofredo Iommi , Mario Ponce

We give extensions of results on nonnegative matrix semigroups which deduce finiteness or boundedness of such semigroups from the corresponding local properties, e.g., from finiteness or boundedness of values of certain linear functionals…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2013-07-01 Roman Drnovšek , Heydar Radjavi

We study generalized means whose domain may contain unbounded sets as well. We investigate usual properties of this type of means and also new attributes that regard for such means only. We examine how a mean defined on bounded sets can be…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2018-02-27 Attila Losonczi

We know extensions of first order logic by quantifiers of the kind "there are uncountable many ...", "most ..." with new axioms and appropriate semantics. Related are operations such as "set of x, such that ...", Hilbert's…

Logic · Mathematics 2009-09-25 Josef Schoenbrunner

Algorithmic harms are commonly categorized as either allocative or representational. This study specifically addresses the latter, focusing on an examination of current definitions of representational harms to discern what is included and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Jennifer Chien , David Danks

Can AI solve all math? What do we actually mean by doing mathematics? How do we communicate mathematics? What is mathematics beyond problem solving? This essay is my attempt to answer these questions.

History and Overview · Mathematics 2025-09-22 Petra Schwer

A definition of what counts as an explanation of mathematical statement, and when one explanation is better than another, is given. Since all mathematical facts must be true in all causal models, and hence known by an agent, mathematical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Joseph Y. Halpern

In this paper, we generalize the ALM-procedure introduced by Ando, Li, and Mathias for extending operator geometric means to multiple variables. We prove that the generalized procedure preserves all the properties required by the axioms of…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2025-06-17 Dante Hoshina , Shuhei Wada

This paper is dedicated to the analysis and detailed study of a procedure to generate both the weighted arithmetic and harmonic means of $n$ positive real numbers. Together with this interpretation, we prove some relevant properties that…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-02-21 S. Amat , P. Ortiz , J. Ruiz , J. C. Trillo , D. F. Yañez

The concepts of mean (i.e., average) and covariance of a random variable are fundamental in statistics, and are used to solve real-world problems such as those that arise in robotics, computer vision, and medical imaging. On matrix Lie…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-08-19 Shiraz Khan , Jikai Ye , Gregory S. Chirikjian

Our goal in this work is to present some mean value type theorems that are not studied in classic calculus and analysis courses. They are simple theorems yet with large applicability in mathematical analysis (for example, in the study of…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2021-01-12 Marcelo Bongarti , German Lozada-Cruz

An integral representation of an operator mean via the power means is obtained. As an application, we shall give explicit condition of operator means that the Ando-Hiai inequality holds.

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2018-03-14 Takeaki Yamazaki

Integral means are important class of bivariate means. In this paper we prove the very general algorithm for calculation of coefficients in asymptotic expansion of integral mean. It is based on explicit solving the equation of the form…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2013-12-06 Neven Elezović , Lenka Vukšić

The questions which we will consider here are "What is AI?" and "How can we make AI?". Here we will present the definition of AI in terms of multi-agent systems. This means that here you will not find a new answer to the question "What is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-10-03 Dimiter Dobrev