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We prove that critical multitype Galton-Watson trees converge after rescaling to the Brownian continuum random tree, under the hypothesis that the offspring distribution has finite covariance matrices. Our study relies on an ancestral…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-08-16 Grégory Marc Miermont

We are interested in the asymptotic behavior of critical Galton-Watson trees whose offspring distribution may have infinite variance, which are conditioned on having a large fixed number of leaves. We first find an asymptotic estimate for…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-11-14 Igor Kortchemski

In this paper, we show that a Galton-Watson tree conditioned to have a fixed number of particles in generation $n$ converges in distribution as $n\rightarrow\infty$, and with this tool we study the span and gap statistics of a branching…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-11-24 Tianyi Bai , Pierre Rousselin

We give a realization of the stable L\'evy forest of a given size conditioned by its mass from the path of the unconditioned forest. Then, we prove an invariance principle for this conditioned forest by considering $k$ independent…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-06-19 Loic Chaumont , Juan Carlos Pardo Millan

Aldous, Evans and Pitman (1998) studied the behavior of the fragmentation process derived from deleting the edges of a uniform random tree on $n$ labelled vertices. In particular, they showed that, after proper rescaling, the above…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-09-03 Gabriel Berzunza Ojeda , Cecilia Holmgren

We consider a marking procedure of the vertices of a tree where each vertex is marked independently from the others with a probability that depends only on its out-degree. We prove that a critical Galton-Watson tree conditioned on having a…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-04-27 Romain Abraham , Aymen Bouaziz , Jean-François Delmas

We study various models of random non-crossing configurations consisting of diagonals of convex polygons, and focus in particular on uniform dissections and non-crossing trees. For both these models, we prove convergence in distribution…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-11-14 Nicolas Curien , Igor Kortchemski

We propose a new way to condition random trees, that is, condition random trees to have large maximal out-degree. Under this new conditioning, we show that conditioned critical Galton-Watson trees converge locally to size-biased trees with…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-12-08 Xin He

We are interested in the structure of multitype Bienaym\'e-Galton-Watson (BGW) trees conditioned on integer linear combinations of the numbers of vertices of given types. We show that, under regularity assumptions on the offspring…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-03-17 Rémy Poudevigne , Paul Thévenin

We consider here multitype Bienaym\'e--Galton--Watson trees, under the conditioning that the numbers of vertices of given type satisfy some linear relations. We prove that, under some smoothness conditions on the offspring distribution…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-10-20 Paul Thévenin

We study $I(T)$, the number of inversions in a tree $T$ with its vertices labeled uniformly at random, which is a generalization of inversions in permutations. We first show that the cumulants of $I(T)$ have explicit formulas involving the…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-04-21 Xing Shi Cai , Cecilia Holmgren , Svante Janson , Tony Johansson , Fiona Skerman

Let $\mathcal{T}$ denote a Galton--Watson tree with offspring distribution $\xi$ satisfying $\mathbb{E}(\xi) = 1$, and let $\mathcal{T}_n$ be the Galton--Watson tree conditioned to have exactly $n$ nodes. We show that, under a mild moment…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-10 Fameno Rakotoniaina , Dimbinaina Ralaivaosaona

Let $\tau$n be a random tree distributed as a Galton-Watson tree with geometric offspring distribution conditioned on {Zn = an} where Zn is the size of the n-th generation and (an, n $\in$ N *) is a deterministic positive sequence. We study…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-09-28 Romain Abraham , Aymen Bouaziz , Jean-François Delmas

We study the fundamental question of how likely it is that two randomly chosen trees are isomorphic to each other for different models of random trees. We show that the probability decays exponentially for rooted labeled trees as well as…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-04-11 Christoffer Olsson

We consider branching random walks built on Galton--Watson trees with offspring distribution having a bounded support, conditioned to have $n$ nodes, and their rescaled convergences to the Brownian snake. We exhibit a notion of ``globally…

Probability · Mathematics 2008-01-28 Jean-François Marckert

We provide simplified proofs for the asymptotic distribution of the number of cuts required to cut down a Galton-Watson tree with critical, finite-variance offspring distribution, conditioned to have total progeny $n$. Our proof is based on…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-09-08 Louigi Addario-Berry , Nicolas Broutin , Cecilia Holmgren

We give a necessary and sufficient condition for the convergence in distribution of a conditioned Galton-Watson tree to Kesten's tree. This yields elementary proofs of Kesten's result as well as other known results on local limit of…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-07-01 Romain Abraham , Jean-Francois Delmas

We study random trees which are invariant in law under the operation of contracting each edge independently with probability $p\in(0,1)$. We show that all such trees can be constructed through Poissonian sampling from a certain class of…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-06-20 Olivier Hénard , Pascal Maillard

We study the limiting behavior of a Bienayme-Galton-Watson tree conditioned to have a large number of vertices and either a fixed number of leaves or a fixed number of internal nodes. The first biconditioning gives a universal result with…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-02-06 Vanessa Dan

In arXiv:1609.05666v1 [math.PR] a functional limit theorem was proved. It states that symmetric processes associated with resistance metric measure spaces converge when the underlying spaces converge with respect to the…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-09-30 George Andriopoulos
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