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It is known that a bi-orderable group has no generalized torsion element, but the converse does not hold in general. We conjecture that the converse holds for the fundamental groups of 3-manifolds, and verify the conjecture for…

Recently, Cochran and Harvey defined torsion-free derived series of groups and proved an injectivity theorem on the associated torsion-free quotients. We show that there is a universal construction which extends such an injectivity theorem…

We present a comprehensive theoretical study of the static spin response in HgTe quantum wells, revealing distinctive behavior for the topologically nontrivial inverted structure. Most strikingly, the q=0 (long-wave-length) spin…

We show that, in certain circumstances, a Boolean ample monoid may be fully embedded into a Boolean inverse monoid in a way that generalizes how right reversible cancellative monoids may be embedded into groups. We use groupoids of…

Nonlinear phenomena are inherent in most systems in nature. Second or higher-order harmonic generations, three-wave and four-wave mixing are typical phenomena in nonlinear optics. To obtain a nonzero signal for second-harmonic generation in…

We study the group IET of all interval exchange transformations. Our first main result is that the group generated by a generic pairs of elements of IET is not free (assuming a suitable irreducibility condition on the underlying…

We study necessary and sufficient conditions for two inverse semigroups to possess identical tight groupoids from the point of view of their algebraic, topological, and spectral order structures. The spectral order is a partial order…

If a class of finitely generated groups Curly(G) is closed under isometric amalgamations along free subgroups, then every G in Curly(G) can be quasi-isometrically embedded in a group Hat(G) in Curly(G) that has no proper subgroups of finite…

Traditionally, rotation numbers for toroidal billiard flows are defined as the limiting vectors of average displacements per time on trajectory segments. Naturally, these creatures are living in the (commutative) vector space $\real^n$, if…

Given a symplectic surface $(\Sigma, \omega)$ of genus $g \ge 4$, we show that the free group with two generators embeds into every asymptotic cone of $(\mathrm{Ham}(\Sigma, \omega), d_\mathrm{H})$, where $d_\mathrm{H}$ is the Hofer metric.…

We present a generalization of free fermionic topological insulators that are composed of topological subsystems of differing dimensionality. We specifically focus on topological subsystems of nonzero co-dimension are embedded within a…

Various characterizations are offered of injectivity of the canonical fundamental group homomorphism for a certain class of inverse limit spaces. One application characterizes the existence of a kind of generalized universal cover.

Let $G$ be a topological group, let $\phi$ be a continuous endomorphism of $G$ and let $H$ be a closed $\phi$-invariant subgroup of $G$. We study whether the topological entropy is an additive invariant, that is,…

A band gap for electronic states in crystals governs various properties of solids, such as transport, optical and magnetic properties. Its estimation and control have been an important issue in solid state physics. The band gap can be…

We study invertibility of $\lambda$-terms modulo $\lambda$-theories. Here a fundamental role is played by a class of $\lambda$-terms called finite hereditary permutations (FHP) and by their infinite generalisations (HP). More precisely,…

The object of study in this paper is the finite groups whose integral group rings have only trivial central units. Prime-power groups and metacyclic groups with this property are characterized. Metacyclic groups are classified according to…

We study the topological structure of the automorphism groups of compact quantum groups showing that, in parallel to a classical result due to Iwasawa, the connected component of identity of the automorphism group and of the "inner"…

The quasitopological fundamental group $\pi_{1}^{qtop}(X,x_0)$ is the fundamental group endowed with the natural quotient topology inherited from the space of based loops and is typically non-discrete when $X$ does not admit a traditional…

We describe the main questions connected to torsion subgroups in the unit group of integral group rings of finite groups and algorithmic methods to attack these questions. We then prove the Zassenhaus Conjecture for Amitsur groups and prove…

Let $p$ be a prime number and $q=p^m$, with $m \geq 1$ if $p \neq 2,3$ and $m>1$ otherwise. Let $\Omega$ be any non-trivial twist for the complex group algebra of $\mathbf{PSL}_2(q)$ arising from a $2$-cocycle on an abelian subgroup of…