Related papers: (k,m)-Catalan Numbers and Hook Length Polynomials …
The original motivation for study for hook length polynomials was to find a combinatorial proof for a hook length formula for binary trees given by Postnikov, as well as a proof for a hook length polynomial formula conjectured by Lascoux.…
A $k$-plane tree is a plane tree whose vertices are assigned labels between $1$ and $k$ in such a way that the sum of the labels along any edge is no greater than $k+1$. These trees are known to be related to $(k+1)$-ary trees, and they are…
Recently, Han obtained two hook length formulas for binary trees and asked for combinatorial proofs. One of Han's formulas has been generalized to k-ary trees by Yang. Sagan has found a probabilistic proof of Yang's extension. We give…
Recently Han obtained a general formula for the weight function corresponding to the expansion of a generating function in terms of hook lengths of binary trees. In this paper, we present formulas for k-ary trees, plane trees, plane…
Catalan numbers $C(n)=\frac{1}{n+1}{2n\choose n}$ enumerate binary trees and Dyck paths. The distribution of paths with respect to their number $k$ of factors is given by ballot numbers $B(n,k)=\frac{n-k}{n+k}{n+k\choose n}$. These integers…
We present a simple combinatorial proof of Postnikov's hook length formula for binary trees.
We consider a family of infinite sums of products of Catalan numbers, indexed by trees. We show that these sums are polynomials in $1/\pi$ with rational coefficients; the proof is effective and provides an algorithm to explicitly compute…
A proper vertex of a rooted tree with totally ordered vertices is a vertex that is less than all its proper descendants. We count several kinds of labeled rooted trees and forests by the number of proper vertices. Our results are all…
Several hook summation formulae for binary trees have appeared recently in the literature. In this paper we present an analogous formula for unordered increasing trees of size r, which involves r parameters. The right-hand side can be…
Recently, Han discovered two formulas involving binary trees which have the interestig property that hooklengths appear as exponents. The purpose of this note is to give a probabilistic proof of one of Han's formulas. Yang has generalized…
In this short note we discuss recent results on hook length formulas of trees unifying some earlier results, and explain hook length formulas naturally associated to families of increasingly labelled trees.
In this paper we consider combinatorial numbers $C_{m, k}$ for $m\ge 1$ and $k\ge 0$ which unifies the entries of the Catalan triangles $ B_{n, k}$ and $ A_{n, k}$ for appropriate values of parameters $m$ and $k$, i.e., $B_{n,…
In this paper, we define two kinds of hook length for internal vertices of complete $m$-ary trees, and deduce their corresponding hook length formulas, which generalize the main results obtained by Du and Liu.
In this paper, we present an involution on some kind of colored $k$-ary trees which provides a combinatorial proof of a combinatorial sum involving the generalized Catalan numbers $C_{k,\gamma}(n)=\frac{\gamma}{k n+\gamma}{k n+\gamma\choose…
We extend results regarding a combinatorial model introduced by Black, Drellich, and Tymoczko (2017+) which generalizes the folding of the RNA molecule in biology. Consider a word on alphabet $\{A_1, \overline{A}_1, \ldots, A_m,…
We establish combinatorial interpretations of several identities for the Catalan and Fine numbers and, along the way, we present some new bijections of independent interest. Briefly, we show that C_{n} = 1/(n+1) Sum_{k} (n+1)choose(2k+1)…
In this paper, we give a simple combinatorial explanation of a formula of A. Postnikov relating bicolored rooted trees to bicolored binary trees. We also present generalized formulas for the number of labeled k-ary trees, rooted labeled…
The Raney numbers $R_{p,r}(n)$ are a two-parameter generalization of the Catalan numbers that were introduced by Raney in his investigation of functional composition patterns \cite{Raney}. We give a new combinatorial interpretation for all…
The Catalan numbers (C_n)_{n >= 0} = 1,1,2,5,14,42,... form one of the most venerable sequences in combinatorics. They have many combinatorial interpretations, from counting bracketings of products in non-associative algebra to counting…
Building upon a recent formula for $(3,m)$-Catalan polynomials, we describe a formula for $(3,m)$-Hikita polynomials in terms related to Catalan polynomials. This formula shows a surprising relation among coefficients of Hikita polynomials…