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This is the sixth in a series of papers giving a proof of the Kepler conjecture, which asserts that the density of a packing of congruent spheres in three dimensions is never greater than $\pi/\sqrt{18}\approx 0.74048...$. This is the…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Thomas C. Hales

Packing problems have been of great interest in many diverse contexts for many centuries. The optimal packing of identical objects has been often invoked to understand the nature of low temperature phases of matter. In celebrated work,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-13 Antonio Trovato , Trinh X. Hoang , Jayanth R. Banavar , Amos Maritan

In this paper the random packing fraction of hard disks in a plane is analyzed, following a geometric probabilistic approach. First, the random close packing (RCP) of equally sized disks is modelled. Subsequently, following the same…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-11-09 H. J. H. Brouwers

Using transversality and a dimension reduction argument, a result of A. Bezdek and W. Kuperberg is applied to polycylinders $\mathbb{D}^2\times \mathbb{R}^n$, showing that the optimal packing density is $\pi/\sqrt{12}$ in any dimension.

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2017-09-14 Wöden Kusner

The packing of hard spheres (HS) of diameter $\sigma$ in a cylinder has been used to model experimental systems, such as fullerenes in nanotubes and colloidal wire assembly. Finding the densest packings of HS under this type of confinement,…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-02-24 Lin Fu , William Steinhardt , Hao Zhao , Joshua E. S. Socolar , Patrick Charbonneau

In this note we give a simple proof of the classical fact that the hexagonal lattice gives the highest density circle packing among all lattices in $R^2$. With the benefit of hindsight, we show that the problem can be restricted to the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2010-11-29 Lenny Fukshansky

The determination of the densest packings of regular tetrahedra (one of the five Platonic solids) is attracting great attention as evidenced by the rapid pace at which packing records are being broken and the fascinating packing structures…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-18 S. Torquato , Y. Jiao

This is the eighth and final paper in a series giving a proof of the Kepler conjecture, which asserts that the density of a packing of congruent spheres in three dimensions is never greater than $\pi/\sqrt{18}\approx 0.74048...$. This is…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Thomas C. Hales

Predicting the densest random disc packing fraction is an unsolved paradigm problem relevant to a number of disciplines and technologies. One difficulty is that it is ill-defined without setting a criterion for the disorder. Another is that…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-09-15 Raphael Blumenfeld

Packings of hard polyhedra have been studied for centuries due to their mathematical aesthetic and more recently for their applications in fields such as nanoscience, granular and colloidal matter, and biology. In all these fields, particle…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2014-03-10 Elizabeth R. Chen , Daphne Klotsa , Michael Engel , Pablo F. Damasceno , Sharon C. Glotzer

Given an Apollonian Circle Packing $\mathcal{P}$ and a circle $C_0 = \partial B(z_0, r_0)$ in $\mathcal{P}$, color the set of disks in $\mathcal{P}$ tangent to $C_0$ red. What proportion of the concentric circle $C_{\epsilon} = \partial…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-11-25 Jayadev S. Athreya , Cristian Cobeli , Alexandru Zaharescu

We investigate the deposition of binary mixtures of oriented superdisks on a plane. Superdisks are chosen as objects bounded by $|x|^{2p}+|y|^{2p}=1$, where parameter $p$ controls their size and shape. For single-type superdisks, the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2013-11-20 N. M. Švrakić , B. N. Aleksić , M. Belić

We study packing densities for set partitions, which is a generalization of packing words. We use results from the literature about packing densities for permutations and words to provide packing densities for set partitions. These results…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-04-10 Adam M. Goyt , Lara K. Pudwell

This is the first in a series of papers giving a proof of the Kepler conjecture, which asserts that the density of a packing of congruent spheres in three dimensions is never greater than $\pi/\sqrt{18}\approx 0.74048...$. This is the…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Thomas C. Hales

We use computational experiments to find the rectangles of minimum area into which a given number n of non-overlapping congruent circles can be packed. No assumption is made on the shape of the rectangles. Most of the packings found have…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Boris D. Lubachevsky , Ronald Graham

This work investigates dense packings of congruent hard infinitesimally--thin circular arcs in the two-dimensional Euclidean space. It focuses on those denotable as major whose subtended angle $\theta \in \left ( \pi, 2\pi \right ]$.…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2020-10-28 Juan Pedro Ramírez González , Giorgio Cinacchi

A \emph{cylinder packing} is a family of congruent infinite circular cylinders with mutually disjoint interiors in $3$-dimensional Euclidean space. The \emph{local density} of a cylinder packing is the ratio between the volume occupied by…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2018-10-01 Dan Ismailescu , Piotr Laskawiec

It is well known that the lattice packing density and the lattice covering density of a triangle are $\frac{2}{3}$ and $\frac{3}{2}$ respectively. We also know that the lattices that attain these densities both are unique. Let…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2014-12-22 Kirati Sriamorn

Motivated by biological questions, we study configurations of equal-sized disks in the Euclidean plane that neither pack nor cover. Measuring the quality by the probability that a random point lies in exactly one disk, we show that the…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2015-05-14 Herbert Edelsbrunner , Mabel Iglesias-Ham , Vitaliy Kurlin

For the binary discs packed in two dimensions, the packing fraction of disc assembly becomes lower than that of the monodisperse system when the size ratio is close to unity. We show that the suppressed packing fraction is caused by an…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-10-24 Takashi Odagaki , Tsuyoshi Okubo , Ryusei Ogata , Keiji Okazaki