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We determine which connected surfaces can be partitioned into topological circles. There are exactly seven such surfaces up to homeomorphism: those of finite type, of Euler characteristic zero, and with compact boundary components. As a…

General Topology · Mathematics 2011-01-04 Gábor Moussong , Nándor Simányi

We consider the homotopy type of maps between symplectic surface whose graphs form symplectic submanifolds of the product. We give a purely topological model for this space in terms of maps with constrained numbers of pre-images. We use…

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Joseph Coffey

A digraph is semicomplete if any two vertices are connected by at least one arc and is locally semicomplete if the out-neighbourhood (resp. in-neighbourhood) of any vertex induces a semicomplete digraph. In this paper, we characterize all…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-09-12 Yuefeng Yang , Shuang Li , Kaishun Wang

Double semigroups have two associative operations $\circ, \bullet$ related by the interchange relation: $( a \bullet b ) \circ ( c \bullet d ) \equiv ( a \circ c ) \bullet ( b \circ d )$. Kock \cite{Kock2007} (2007) discovered a…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2025-07-22 Murray Bremner , Sara Madariaga

For simple graphs $G$ and $H$, the Hom complex $\mathrm{Hom}(G,H)$ is a polyhedral complex whose vertices are the graph homomorphisms $G\to H$ and whose edges connect the pairs of homomorphisms which differ in a single vertex of $G$. Hom…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-08 Soichiro Fujii , Yuni Iwamasa , Kei Kimura , Yuta Nozaki , Akira Suzuki

Let $f$ and $g$ be two circle endomorphisms of degree $d\geq 2$ such that each has bounded geometry, preserves the Lebesgue measure, and fixes $1$. Let $h$ fixing $1$ be the topological conjugacy from $f$ to $g$. That is, $h\circ f=g\circ…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-06-29 John Adamski , Yunchun Hu , Yunping Jiang , Zhe Wang

In this paper we study interval maps $f$ with zero topological entropy that are crooked; i.e. whose inverse limit with $f$ as the single bonding map is the pseudo-arc. We show that there are uncountably many pairwise non-conjugate zero…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-09-11 Jernej Činč

Tangent points, especial dynamics existing only in piecewise-smooth systems, usually have dynamical properties like equilibria of smooth systems. Loops connecting tangent points own partly properties of limit cycles and homoclinic loops of…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-05-01 Zhihao Fang , Xingwu Chen

A flag manifold over a semifield K can be partitioned into "half i-circles" which are orbits of a K-action on that flag manifold. Here i is fixed and it corresponds to a simple reflection in the Weyl group. We prove (for certain K) a…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2022-12-21 G. Lusztig

Let $X$ be a compact metric space and let $f:X\rightarrow X$ be a homeomorphism on $X$. We show that if $f$ is both pointwise recurrent and expansive, then the dynamical system $(X, f)$ is topologically conjugate to a subshift of some…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-01-04 Enhui Shi , Hui Xu , Ziqi Yu

This note is devoted to a trick which yields almost trivial proofs that certain complexes associated to topological surfaces are connected or simply connected. Applications include new proofs that the complexes of curves, separating curves,…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2020-06-08 Andrew Putman

We analyze invariant measures of two coupled piecewise linear and everywhere expanding maps on the synchronization manifold. We observe that though the individual maps have simple and smooth functions as their stationary densities, they…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2017-08-11 Deepak Jalla , Kiran M. Kolwankar

Assume that $f$ is a $C^r(r\geq 3)$ specially partially hyperbolic endomorphism on the 2-torus which is homotopic to an expanding linear endomorphism $A$ with irrational eigenvalues. We prove that $f$ and $A$ are topologically conjugate, if…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-02-18 Daohua Yu

We show that, on a complete and possibly non-compact Riemannian manifold of dimension at least 2 without close conjugate points at infinity, the existence of a closed geodesic with local homology in maximal degree and maximal index growth…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2017-12-27 Luca Asselle , Marco Mazzucchelli

It is shown that for a constant $t\in \mathbb{N}$, every simple topological graph on $n$ vertices has $O(n)$ edges if it has no two sets of $t$ edges such that every edge in one set is disjoint from all edges of the other set (i.e., the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-08-25 Andres J. Ruiz-Vargas , Andrew Suk , Csaba D. Tóth

Suppose that $X$ and $Y$ are surfaces of finite topological type, where $X$ has genus $g\geq 6$ and $Y$ has genus at most $2g-1$; in addition, suppose that $Y$ is not closed if it has genus $2g-1$. Our main result asserts that every…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2014-11-11 Javier Aramayona , Juan Souto

To every directed graph $E$ one can associate a \emph{graph inverse semigroup} $G(E)$, where elements roughly correspond to possible paths in $E$. These semigroups generalize polycylic monoids, and they arise in the study of Leavitt path…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2016-05-26 Z. Mesyan , J. D. Mitchell , M. Morayne , Y. H. Péresse

We recall the notion of Jacobi fields, as it was extended to systems of second-order ordinary differential equations. Two points along a base integral curve are conjugate if there exists a non-trivial Jacobi field along that curve that…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2020-09-03 S. Hajdú , T. Mestdag

We develop the theory of patterns on numerical semigroups in terms of the admissibility degree. We prove that the Arf pattern induces every strongly admissible pattern, and determine all patterns equivalent to the Arf pattern. We study…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2021-01-27 Alessio Borzì

The well-known twenty types of 2-uniform tilings of the plane give rise infinitely many doubly semi-equivelar maps on the torus. In this article, we show that every such doubly semi-equivelar map on the torus contains a Hamiltonian cycle.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-10-19 Yogendra Singh , Anand Kumar Tiwari , Seema Kushwaha