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We propose a variational form of the BDF2 method as an alternative to the commonly used minimizing movement scheme for the time-discrete approximation of gradient flows in abstract metric spaces. Assuming uniform semi-convexity --- but no…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2017-12-25 Daniel Matthes , Simon Plazotta

In this paper we study the stable set of the gradient flow associated with a critical point of an analytic function. In particular we present simple topological conditions which imply that this set contains an infinite family of…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2020-11-04 Zbigniew Szafraniec

We introduce a flow of maps from a compact surface of arbitrary genus to an arbitrary Riemannian manifold which has elements in common with both the harmonic map flow and the mean curvature flow, but is more effective at finding minimal…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2016-05-18 Melanie Rupflin , Peter M. Topping

The recent introduction of the gradient flow has provided a new tool to probe the dynamics of quantum field theories. The latest developments have shown how to use the gradient flow for the exploration of symmetries, and the definition of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-16 Luigi Del Debbio , Agostino Patella , Antonio Rago

Sign Gradient Descent (SignGD) is a simple yet robust optimization method, widely used in machine learning for its resilience to gradient noise and compatibility with low-precision computations. While its empirical performance is well…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-08-27 Valentin Leplat , Sergio Mayorga , Roland Hildebrand , Alexander Gasnikov

This paper considers the problem of solving systems of quadratic equations, namely, recovering an object of interest $\mathbf{x}^{\natural}\in\mathbb{R}^{n}$ from $m$ quadratic equations/samples…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-06-13 Yuxin Chen , Yuejie Chi , Jianqing Fan , Cong Ma

We reprove the $\lambda$-Lemma for finite dimensional gradient flows by generalizing the well-known contraction method proof of the local (un)stable manifold theorem. This only relies on the forward Cauchy problem. We obtain a rather…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2017-09-25 Joa Weber

We study the geodesic flow on the normal line congruence of a minimal surface in ${\Bbb{R}}^3$ induced by the neutral K\"ahler metric on the space of oriented lines. The metric is lorentz with isolated degenerate points and the flow is…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2021-11-15 Brendan Guilfoyle , Wilhelm Klingenberg

We develop a gradient-flow theory for time-dependent functionals defined in abstract metric spaces. Global well-posedness and asymptotic behavior of solutions are provided. Conditions on functionals and metric spaces allow to consider the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2015-09-15 Lucas C. F. Ferreira , Julio C. Valencia-Guevara

The Teichm\"uller harmonic map flow is a gradient flow for the harmonic map energy of maps from a closed surface to a general closed Riemannian target manifold of any dimension, where both the map and the domain metric are allowed to…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2015-10-19 Tobias Huxol , Melanie Rupflin , Peter M. Topping

We prove the convergence of a particle method for the approximation of diffusive gradient flows in one dimension. This method relies on the discretisation of the energy via non-overlapping balls centred at the particles and preserves the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2017-06-09 J. A. Carrillo , F. S. Patacchini , P. Sternberg , G. Wolansky

We present new abstract results on the interrelation between the minimizing movement scheme for gradient flows along a sequence of Gamma-converging functionals and the gradient flow motion for the corresponding limit functional, in a…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2016-03-10 Florentine Fleißner

R. Thom's gradient conjecture states that if a gradient flow of an analytic function converges to a limit, it does so along a unique limiting direction. In this paper, we extend and settle this conjecture in the context of infinite…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2024-07-17 Beomjun Choi , Pei-Ken Hung

We study a natural Wasserstein gradient flow on manifolds of probability distributions with discrete sample spaces. We derive the Riemannian structure for the probability simplex from the dynamical formulation of the Wasserstein distance on…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-04-19 Wuchen Li , Guido Montufar

Gradient normalization stabilizes deep-learning optimization, and spectral normalizations are especially natural for matrix-shaped parameter blocks; Muon is the motivating example. We study an idealized deterministic, continuous-time,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-11 Gabriel Peyré

We give an alternative perturbative proof of the renormalizability of the system defined by the gradient flow and the fermion flow in vector-like gauge theories.

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2017-04-05 Kenji Hieda , Hiroki Makino , Hiroshi Suzuki

We consider the 1-harmonic flow of maps from a bounded domain into a submanifold of a Euclidean space, i.e. the gradient flow of the total variation functional restricted to maps taking values in the manifold. We restrict ourselves to…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2017-12-08 Lorenzo Giacomelli , Michał Łasica , Salvador Moll

We study the statistical properties of the iterates generated by gradient descent, applied to the fundamental problem of least squares regression. We take a continuous-time view, i.e., consider infinitesimal step sizes in gradient descent,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-02-26 Alnur Ali , J. Zico Kolter , Ryan J. Tibshirani

We give a simple local Polyak-Lojasiewicz (PL) criterion that guarantees linear (exponential) convergence of gradient flow and gradient descent to a zero-loss solution of a nonnegative objective. We then verify this criterion for the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Sourav Chatterjee

In [8], the gradient conjecture of R. Thom was proven for gradient flows of analytic functions on Rn. This result means that the secant at a limit point converges, so that the flow cannot spiral forever. Once the trajectory becomes…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2025-11-19 Lorenz Schabrun