Related papers: Commutators and squares in free groups

We derive a formula for expressing free cumulants whose entries are products of random variables in terms of the lattice structure of non-crossing partitions. We show the usefulness of that result by giving direct and conceptually simple…

The direct product $\mathbb{N}\times\mathbb{N}$ of two free monogenic semigroups contains uncountably many pairwise non-isomorphic subdirect products. Furthermore, the following hold for $\mathbb{N}\times S$, where $S$ is a finite…

Howie and Duncan observed that a word in a free product with length at least two and which is not a proper power can be decomposed as a product of two cyclic subwords each of which is uniquely positioned. Using this property, they proved…

Exponential equations in free groups were studied initially by Lyndon and Schutzenberger and then by Comerford and Edmunds. Comerford and Edmunds showed that the problem of determining whether or not the class of quadratic exponential…

A ring is called a commutator ring if every element is a sum of additive commutators. In this paper we give examples of such rings. In particular, we show that given any ring R, a right R-module N, and a set X, End_R(\bigoplus_X N) and…

We present a construction that yields infinite families of non-isomorphic semidirect products $N \rtimes F_m$ sharing a specified profinite completion. Within each family, $m \ge 2$ is constant and $N$ is a fixed group. For $m=2$ we can…

In this paper we study a family of commutative algebras generated by two infinite sets of generators. These algebras are parametrized by Young diagrams. We explain a connection of these algebras with the fusion product of integrable…

We show that infinitely many alternating groups arise as quotients of the free group of rank 2, with kernel a characteristic subgroup. We also show that such simple quotients exist of arbitrarily large Lie rank. This resolves two questions…

Let F be an infinitely generated free group and R a fully invariant subgroup of F such that (a) R is contained in the commutator subgroup F' of F and (b) the quotient group F/R is residually torsion-free nilpotent. Then the automorphism…

We show that the free group of rank 2 is a limit of 2-markings of Thompson's group F in the space of all 2-marked groups. More specifically, we find a sequence of generating pairs for F so that as one goes out the sequence, the length of…

We prove novel asymptotic freeness results in tracial ultraproduct von Neumann algebras. In particular, we show that whenever $M = M_1 \ast M_2$ is a tracial free product von Neumann algebra and $u_1 \in \mathscr U(M_1)$, $u_2 \in \mathscr…

We construct a finitely presented non-amenable group without free non-cyclic subgroups thus providing a finitely presented counterexample to von Neumann's problem. Our group is an extension of a group of finite exponent n >> 1 by a cyclic…

Let G be a finite quasisimple group of Lie type. We show that there are regular semisimple elements x,y in G, x of prime order, and |y| is divisible by at most two primes, such that the product of the conjugacy classes of x and y contain…

A remarkable result of Thompson states that a finite group is soluble if and only if its two-generated subgroups are soluble. This result has been generalized in numerous ways, and it is in the core of a wide area of research in the theory…

Let $M=M_1*M_2$ be a nontrivial tracial free product of finite von Neumann algebras. We prove that any amenable subalgebra of $M$ that has a diffuse intersection with $M_1$ is in fact contained in $M_1$. This has been proved by C. Houdayer…

We describe an efficient algorithm to write any element of the alternating group A_n as a product of two n-cycles (in particular, we show that any element of A_n can be so written -- a result of E. A. Bertram). An easy corollary is that…

Let $F$ be a field with at least three elements and $G$ a locally finite group. This paper aims to show that if either $F$ is algebraically closed or the characteristic of $F$ is positive, then an element in the group algebra $FG$ is a…

The cyclically reduced product of two words is the cyclically reduced form of the concatenation of the two words. While the reduced form of such a concatenation (which is the product of the free group) verifies many basic properties like…

We compute the generating series for the simplest class of bi-free cumulants, beyond free cumulants, the two-bands bi-free cumulants of a pair of a left and a right variable. We also consider two-faced systems with a commutation condition…

We show that the following problems are decidable in a rank 2 free group F_2: does a given finitely generated subgroup H contain primitive elements? and does H meet the orbit of a given word u under the action of G, the group of…