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We consider hard-disc mixtures with disc sizes within ratio $\sqrt{2}-1$, that is, the small disc exactly fits in the hole between four large discs. For each prescribed stoichiometry of large and small discs, the densest packings are…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2022-01-21 Thomas Fernique

We provide a tight result for a fundamental problem arising from packing disks into a circular container: The critical density of packing disks in a disk is 0.5. This implies that any set of (not necessarily equal) disks of total area…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2019-03-20 Sándor P. Fekete , Phillip Keldenich , Christian Scheffer

We use numerical simulation to investigate and analyze the way that rigid disks and spheres arrange themselves when compressed next to incommensurate substrates. For disks, a movable set is pressed into a jammed state against an ordered…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-10 Boris D. Lubachevsky , Frank H. Stillinger

Let $\mathcal{P}$ be a packing of circular disks of radius $\rho>0$ in the Euclidean, spherical, or hyperbolic plane. Let $0\leq\lambda\leq\rho$. We say that $\mathcal{P}$ is a $\lambda$-separable packing of circular disks of radius $\rho$…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2025-05-07 Károly Bezdek , Zsolt Lángi

In this work we propose a heuristic algorithm for the layout optimization for disks installed in a rotating circular container. This is a unequal circle packing problem with additional balance constraints. It proved to be an NP-hard…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2016-09-13 Washington Alves de Oliveira , Luiz Leduino de Salles Neto , Antonio Carlos Moretti , Ednei Felix Reis

Discs form a compact packing of the plane if they are interior disjoint and the graph which connects the center of mutually tangent discs is triangulated. There is only one compact packing by discs all of the same size, called hexagonal…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-09-27 Thomas Fernique , Amir Hashemi , Olga Sizova

A packing of disks in the plane is a set of disks with disjoint interiors. This paper is a survey of some open questions about such packings. It is organized into five themes: compacity, conjugacy, density, uniformity and computability.

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2024-09-04 Thomas Fernique

Packing problems have been of great interest in many diverse contexts for many centuries. The optimal packing of identical objects has been often invoked to understand the nature of low temperature phases of matter. In celebrated work,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-13 Antonio Trovato , Trinh X. Hoang , Jayanth R. Banavar , Amos Maritan

We consider packings of congruent circles on a square flat torus, i.e., periodic (w.r.t. a square lattice) planar circle packings, with the maximal circle radius. This problem is interesting due to a practical reason - the problem of "super…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2016-07-21 Oleg R. Musin , Anton V. Nikitenko

A polygonal curve $P$ with $n$ vertices is $c$-packed, if the sum of the lengths of the parts of the edges of the curve that are inside any disk of radius $r$ is at most $cr$, for any $r>0$. Similarly, the concept of $c$-packedness can be…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2022-02-04 Sepideh Aghamolaei , Vahideh Keikha , Mohammad Ghodsi , Ali Mohades

This book uses optimal control theory to prove that the most unpackable centrally symmetric convex disk in the plane is a smoothed polygon. A smoothed polygon is a polygon whose corners have been rounded in a special way by arcs of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-05-08 Thomas Hales , Koundinya Vajjha

An extremal $k$-packing is a collection of $k$ mutually disjoint metric discs, embedded in a surface, whose radius is maximal for the given topology. We study compact non-orientable surfaces of genus $g\ge 3$ containing extremal…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2019-07-04 Ernesto Girondo , Cristian Reyes

The problem of packing equal circles in a circle is a classic and famous packing problem, which is well-studied in academia and has a variety of applications in industry. This problem is computationally challenging, and researchers mainly…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2023-03-09 Jianrong Zhou , Kun He , Jiongzhi Zheng , Chu-Min Li

We study the optimal packing of hard spheres in an infinitely long cylinder, using simulated annealing, and compare our results with the analogous problem of packing disks on the unrolled surface of a cylinder. The densest structures are…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-06-04 A. Mughal , H. K. Chan , D. Weaire , S. Hutzler

We provide, for any $r\in (0,1)$, lower and upper bounds on the maximal density of a packing in the Euclidean plane of discs of radius $1$ and $r$. The lower bounds are mostly folk, but the upper bounds improve the best previously known…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2022-06-07 Thomas Fernique

Given an edge-weighted (metric/general) complete graph with $n$ vertices, the maximum weight (metric/general) $k$-cycle/path packing problem is to find a set of $\frac{n}{k}$ vertex-disjoint $k$-cycles/paths such that the total weight is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Jingyang Zhao , Mingyu Xiao

Packing problems, which ask how to arrange a collection of objects in space to meet certain criteria, are important in a great many physical and biological systems, where geometrical arrangements at small scales control behaviour at larger…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-05-23 Miranda C. Holmes-Cerfon

The behaviour of materials under spatial confinement is sensitively dependent on the nature of the confining boundaries. In two dimensions, confinement within a hard circular boundary inhibits the hexagonal ordering observed in bulk systems…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-06-17 Ian Williams , Erdal C. Oğuz , Robert L. Jack , Paul Bartlett , Hartmut Löwen , C. Patrick Royall

We consider packings of the plane using discs of radius 1 and r=0.545151... . The value of r admits compact packings in which each hole in the packing is formed by three discs which are tangent to each other. We prove that the largest…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Tom Kennedy

In the classic circle packing problem, one asks whether a given set of circles can be packed into a given container. Packing problems like this have been shown to be $\mathsf{NP}$-hard. In this paper, we present new sufficient conditions…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2018-06-28 Sándor P. Fekete , Sebastian Morr , Christian Scheffer