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This paper argues that non-self-adjoint operators can be observables. There are only four ways for this to occur: non-self-adjoint observables can either be normal operators, or be symmetric, or have a real spectrum, or have none of these…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2016-10-26 Bryan W. Roberts

In this article, we first prove the existence of an invariant subspace for a norm-attaining $\ast$-paranormal operator. Then give a representation for $\ast$-paranormal operators in the closure of absolutely norm-attaining operators and…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2023-02-03 G. Ramesh , Shanola S. Sequeira

In this paper we define $\lambda$-hyponormal operators on an infinite dimensional Hilbert space $\mathcal{H}$ and find a class of $\lambda$-hyponormal operators that can not be hypercyclic. Also, we study closedness of range and…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2025-08-07 Y. Estaremi , M. S. Al Ghafri , and S. Shamsigamchi

It is well known that the generalized Ces\`aro matrices of order one are hyponormal operators on $\ell^2$, and it has recently been shown that the Ces\`aro matrix of order two is also hyponormal. Here the relatively new concept of…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2018-02-26 H. C. Rhaly

A subgroup $H$ of a group $G$ is said to be {pronormal} in $G$ if $H$ and $H^g$ are conjugate in $\langle H, H^g \rangle$ for every $g \in G$. Some problems in finite group theory, combinatorics, and permutation group theory were solved in…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2018-07-03 Anatoly S. Kondrat'ev , Natalia V. Maslova , Danila O. Revin

We study the class of hyponormal 2-variable weighted shifts with two consecutive equal weights in the weight sequence of one of the coordinate operators. We show that under natural assumptions on the coordinate operators, the presence of…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Raul E. Curto , Jasang Yoon

A generalization of the Macdonald polynomials depending upon both commuting and anticommuting variables has been introduced recently. The construction relies on certain orthogonality and triangularity relations. Although many…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2013-07-04 O. Blondeau-Fournier , P. Desrosiers , L. Lapointe , P. Mathieu

Square of a posinormal operator is not necessarily posinormal$.$ But (i) powers of quasiposinormal operators are quasiposinormal and, under closed ranges assumption, powers of (ii) posinormal operators are posinormal, (iii) of operators…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2022-02-22 C. S. Kubrusly , P. C. M. Vieira , J. Zanni

We prove the subnormality of an operator-weighted composition operator whose symbol is a transformation of a discrete measure space and weights are multiplication operators in $L^2$-spaces under the assumption of existence of a family of…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2018-09-06 Piotr Budzynski , Piotr Dymek , Artur Planeta

In this paper, subnormal operators, not necessarily bounded, are discussed as generalized observables. In order to describe not only the information about the probability distribution of the output data of their measurement but also a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-06 Masahito Hayashi , Fuminori Sakaguchi

In this article we prove a sufficient condition of quasi-normality in higher dimension for a family of meromorphic mappings in which each pair of functions of family shares some moving hypersurfaces. We also prove a normality criterion…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2019-09-04 Gopal Datt

It is known that non-commuting observables in quantum mechanics do not have joint probability. This statement refers to the precise (additive) probability model. I show that the joint distribution of any non-commuting pair of variables can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-02 A. E. Allahverdyan

The framework of joint typical periodic optimization, in which both the dynamical system and the potential function are allowed to vary simultaneously, was introduced in [HHJL25], in a direction motivated by the work of Yang, Hunt & Ott…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-05-19 Zelai Hao , Yinying Huang , Oliver Jenkinson , Zhiqiang Li

Koopman operator theory is shown to be directly related to the renormalization group. This observation allows us, with no assumption of translational invariance, to compute the critical exponents $\eta$ and $\delta$, as well as ratios of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-07-01 William T Redman

We produce neccessary and sufficient conditions for pairs of quantum minors in the quantized coordinate algebra $\Bbb{C}_q[Mat_{k \times m}]$ to quasi-commute. In addition we study the combinatorics of maximal (by inclusion) families of…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Joshua S. Scott

We study subnormal Toeplitz operators on the vector-valued Hardy space of the unit circle, along with an appropriate reformulation of P.R. Halmos's Problem 5: Which subnormal block Toeplitz operators are either normal or analytic? We extend…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2012-07-16 Raul Curto , In Sung Hwang , Woo Young Lee

We give necessary and sufficient conditions for a bounded operator defined between complex Hilbert spaces to be absolutely norm attaining. We discuss structure of such operators in the case of self-adjoint and normal operators separately.…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2018-01-09 G. Ramesh , D. Venku Naidu

The field equations of the auxiliary fields are nonlinear and free of derivatives. Hence, it is argued, a Legendre transform to generate the 1PI Generating Functionals is not correct for the auxiliary fields. A corrected formulation of the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 John Dixon

In this paper, which is a follow-up of our first paper "Normal forms for ordinary differential operators, I", we extend the theory of normal forms for non-commuting operators, and obtain as an application a commutativity criterion for…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2025-11-10 J. Guo , A. B. Zheglov

In this short note, we answer a question of Martin and Sanders [Integr. Equ. Oper. Theory, 85 (2) (2016), 191-220] by showing the existence of disjoint frequently hypercyclic operators which fail to be disjoint weakly mixing and, therefore,…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2021-06-03 Özgür Martin , Yunied Puig