Related papers: Variations on Kuratowski's 14-set theorem
A celebrated 1922 theorem of Kuratowski states that there are at most 14 distinct sets arising from applying the operations of complementation and closure, any number of times, in any order, to a subset of a topological space. In this paper…
Generalizing the famous 14-set closure-complement Theorem of Kuratowski from 1922, we prove that for a set $X$ endowed with $n$ pairwise comparable topologies $\tau_1\subset\dots\subset\tau_n$, by repeated application of the operations of…
A famous theorem of Kuratowski states that in a topological space, at most 14 distinct sets can be produced by repeatedly applying the operations of closure and complement to a given set. We re-examine this theorem in the setting of formal…
In this short paper, Kuratowski problem will be investigated in vector space. The highest number of distinct sets that can be generated from one convex set in linear space by repeatedly applying algebraic closure and complement in any order…
We pose the following new variant of the Kuratowski closure-complement problem: How many distinct sets may be obtained by starting with a set $A$ of a Polish space $X$, and applying only closure, complementation, and the $d$ operator, as…
Let $X$ be a space equipped with $n$ topologies $\tau_1,...,\tau_n$ which are pairwise comparable and saturated, and for each $1\leq i\leq n$ let $k_i$ and $f_i$ be the associated topological closure and frontier operators, respectively.…
We study the smallest possible number of points in a topological space having k open sets. Equivalently, this is the smallest possible number of elements in a poset having k order ideals. Using efficient algorithms for constructing a…
The Kuratowski monoid $\mathbf{K}$ is generated under operator composition by closure and complement in a nonempty topological space. It satisfies $2\leq|\mathbf{K}|\leq14$. The Gaida-Eremenko (or GE) monoid $\mathbf{KF}$ extends…
We establish a dynamical version of Kuratowski-Mycielski Theorem on the existence of "large" invariant dependent sets. We apply this result to the study of invariant chaotic sets in topological dynamical systems, simplify many known results…
We give a characterizations of toposes which admit a generating family of objects which are internally cardinal finite (i.e. Kuratowski finite and decidable) in terms of "topological" conditions. The central result is that, constructively,…
We establish the following max-plus analogue of Minkowski's theorem. Any point of a compact max-plus convex subset of $(R\cup\{-\infty\})^n$ can be written as the max-plus convex combination of at most $n+1$ of the extreme points of this…
We present a novel proof that the maximum number of sets with 4 properties for 12 cards is 14 using the geometry of the finite field F_3^4, number theory, combinatorics, and graph theory. We also present several computer algorithms for…
We extend logical categories with fiberwise interior and closure operators so as to obtain an embedding theorem into powers of the category of topological spaces. The required axioms, besides the Kuratowski closure axioms, are a `product…
Ciraulo recently showed that Kuratowski's closure-complement problem for arbitrary powersets of topological spaces extends constructively to the interior-pseudocomplement problem for arbitrary posets, using the closure-interior problem for…
Transfinite set theory including the axiom of choice supplies the following basic theorems: (1) Mappings between infinite sets can always be completed, such that at least one of the sets is exhausted. (2) The real numbers can be well…
We study the completeness and ultracompleteness numbers of a convergence space. In the case of a completely regular topological space, the completeness number is countable if and only if the space is $\v{C}$ech-complete, and the…
We study M-separability as well as some other combinatorial versions of separability. In particular, we show that the set-theoretic hypothesis b=d implies that the class of selectively separable spaces is not closed under finite products,…
An open (resp., closed) subset A of a topological space (X, T ) is called C-open (resp., C-closed) set if cl(A) \ A (resp., A \ int(A)) is a countable set. This paper aims to present the concept of C-open and C-closed sets. We first…
Three intersection theorems are proved. First, we determine the size of the largest set system, where the system of the pairwise unions is l-intersecting. Then we investigate set systems where the union of any s sets intersect the union of…
We construct a topology on a given algebraically closed field with a distinguished subfield which is also algebraically closed. This topology is finer than Zariski topology and it captures the sets definable in the pair of algebraically…