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The main purpose of this paper is to give an overview over the theory of abelian varieties, with main focus on Jacobian varieties of curves reaching from well-known results till to latest developments and their usage in cryptography. In the…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2019-05-07 Gerhard Frey , Tony Shaska

This paper examines the arithmetic of the loci \(\cL_n\), parameterizing genus 2 curves with \((n, n)\)-split Jacobians over finite fields \(\F_q\). We compute rational points \(|\cL_n(\F_q)|\) over \(\F_3\), \(\F_9\), \(\F_{27}\),…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-18 Elira Shaska , Jorge Mello , Sajad Salami , Tony Shaska

In general, algorithms for computing the Selmer group of the Jacobian of a curve have relied on either homogeneous spaces or functions on the curve. We present a theoretical analysis of algorithms which use functions on the curve, and show…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-07-31 Edward F. Schaefer

The purpose of this note is to suggest an analogue for genus 2 curves of part of Gross and Zagier's work on elliptic curves. Experimentally, for genus 2 curves with CM by a quartic CM field K, it appears that primes dividing the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Kristin Lauter

A curve X over the field Q of rational numbers is modular if it is dominated by X_1(N) for some N; if in addition the image of its jacobian in J_1(N) is contained in the new subvariety of J_1(N), then X is called a new modular curve. We…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Matthew Baker , Enrique Gonzalez-Jimenez , Josep Gonzalez , Bjorn Poonen

We produce new explicit examples of genus-2 curves over the rational numbers whose Jacobian varieties have rational torsion points of large order. In particular, we produce a family of genus-2 curves over Q whose Jacobians have a rational…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2020-01-16 Everett W. Howe

We find equations for the higher dimensional analogue of the modular curve X_0(3) using Mumford's algebraic formalism of algebraic theta functions. As a consequence, we derive a method for the construction of genus 2 hyperelliptic curves…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2008-01-16 R. Carls , D. Kohel , D. Lubicz

We study the reduction properties of low genus curves whose Jacobian has complex multiplication. In the elliptic curve case, we classify the possible Kodaira types of reduction that can occur. Moreover, we investigate the possible Namikawa…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-05-24 Mentzelos Melistas

A set of multi-homogeneous equations for the Jacobian of a genus two curve is given. The approach used is to write down affine equations for the Jacobian minus various tranlations of the Theta-divisor by [2]-division points, and then to…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2015-07-28 Mark Heiligman

For a complex abelian variety $A$ with endomorphism ring isomorphic to the maximal order in a quartic CM-field $K$, the Igusa invariants $j_1(A), j_2(A),j_3(A)$ generate an abelian extension of the reflex field of $K$. In this paper we give…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2011-07-20 Reinier Broker , David Gruenewald , Kristin Lauter

Let $k$ be a number field. We refine a construction of Mestre--Shioda to construct (infinite) families of hyperelliptic curves $X/{k}$ having a record number of rational points and record Mordell--Weil rank relative to the genus of $g$ of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-10-03 Arvind Suresh

We introduce the notion of isolated genus two curves. As there is no known efficient algorithm to explicitly construct isogenies between two genus two curves with large conductor gap, the discrete log problem (DLP) cannot be efficiently…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2012-02-28 Wenhan Wang

In this paper we extend a previous investigation by us regarding an iterative construction of irreducible polynomials over finite fields of odd characteristic. In particular, we show how it is possible to iteratively construct irreducible…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2015-03-31 Simone Ugolini

Given a genus $2$ curve $C$ with a rational Weierstrass point defined over a number field, we construct a family of genus $5$ curves that realize descent by maximal unramified abelian two-covers of $C$, and describe explicit models of the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-09-19 Daniel Rayor Hast

We investigate the Jacobian decomposition of some algebraic curves over finite fields with genus $4$, $5$ and $10$. As a corollary, explicit equations for curves that are either maximal or minimal over the finite field with $p^2$ elements…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2019-12-10 Daniele Bartoli , Massimo Giulietti , Mokoto Kawakita , Maria Montanucci

We exhibit a quantum algorithm for determining the zeta function of a genus g curve over a finite field F_q, which is polynomial in g and log(q). This amounts to giving an algorithm to produce provably random elements of the class group of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Kiran S. Kedlaya

In 1994, Kani introduced an algebraic version of the Humbert invariant, known as the refined Humbert invariant. This invariant q_C is a positive definite quadratic form attached to a smooth curve C of genus 2. It serves as a vital tool, as…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-17 Harun Kir

We present an algorithm for solving the discrete logarithm problem in Jacobians of families of plane curves whose degrees in $X$ and $Y$ are low with respect to their genera. The finite base fields $\FF_q$ are arbitrary, but their sizes…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2009-12-20 Andreas Enge , Pierrick Gaudry , Emmanuel Thomé

We consider algebraic affine and projective curves of Edwards \cite{E, SkOdProj} over a finite field $\text{F}_{p^n}$. Most cryptosystems of the modern cryptography \cite{SkBlock} can be naturally transform into elliptic curves \cite{Kob}.…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-04-23 Ruslan Skuratovskii

We construct new families of elliptic curves over \(\FF_{p^2}\) with efficiently computable endomorphisms, which can be used to accelerate elliptic curve-based cryptosystems in the same way as Gallant-Lambert-Vanstone (GLV) and…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2013-05-24 Benjamin Smith