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We introduce the concept of minimum edge cover for an induced subgraph in a graph. Let $G$ be a unicyclic graph with a unique odd cycle and $I=I(G)$ be its edge ideal. We compute the exact values of all symbolic defects of $I$ using the…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2022-04-13 Mousumi Mandal , Dipak Kumar Pradhan

The concept of diagrammatic combinatorial Hopf algebras in the form introduced for describing the Heisenberg-Weyl algebra in~\cite{blasiak2010combinatorial} is extended to the case of so-called rule diagrams that present graph rewriting…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2016-12-20 Nicolas Behr , Vincent Danos , Ilias Garnier , Tobias Heindel

Unlabeled multigraphs have diverse applications across scientific fields, from transportation and social networks to polymer physics. In particular, multigraphs are essential for studying the relationship between the spatial organization…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-01-21 Andrea Bonato

Eberhard-type theorems are statements about the realizability of a polytope (or more general polyhedral maps) given the valency of its vertices and sizes of its polygonal faces up to a linear linear degree of freedom. We present new…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-01-04 Sebastian Manecke

The edges of the characteristic imset polytope, $\operatorname{CIM}_p$, were recently shown to have strong connections to causal discovery as many algorithms could be interpreted as greedy restricted edge-walks, even though only a strict…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-09-19 Svante Linusson , Petter Restadh , Liam Solus

A graph of order $n$ is distance magic if it admits a bijective labeling of its vertices with integers from $1$ to $n$ such that each vertex has the same sum of the labels of its neighbors. This paper contributes to the long term project of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-12 Ksenija Rozman , Primož Šparl

Mixed graphs can be seen as digraphs with arcs and edges (or digons, that is, two opposite arcs). In this paper, we consider the case where such graphs are bipartite and in which the undirected and directed degrees are one. The best graphs,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-03-29 C. Dalfó , G. Erskine , G. Exoo , M. A. Fiol , J. Tuite

An abstract $n$-polytope $\mathcal{P}$ is a partially-ordered set which captures important properties of a geometric polytope, for any dimension $n$. For even $n \ge 2$, the incidences between elements in the middle two layers of the Hasse…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-06-21 Marston Conder , Isabelle Steinmann

We examine domino tilings of rectangular boards, which are in natural bijection with perfect matchings of grid graphs. This leads to the study of their associated perfect matching polytopes, and we present some of their properties, in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-12-15 Matthias Beck , Christian Haase , Steven V. Sam

In a series of three papers we develop an end space theory for directed graphs. As for undirected graphs, the ends of a digraph are points at infinity to which its rays converge. Unlike for undirected graphs, some ends are joined by limit…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-09-08 Carl Bürger , Ruben Melcher

The $k$-coprime graph of order $n$ is the graph with vertex set $\{k, k+1, \ldots, k+n-1\}$ in which two vertices are adjacent if and only if they are coprime. We characterize Hamiltonian $k$-coprime graphs. As a particular case, two…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-08-10 M. H. Bani Mostafa A. , Ebrahim Ghorbani

Given a simple graph G, the graph associahedron KG is a simple polytope whose face poset is based on the connected subgraphs of G. This paper defines and constructs graph associahedra in a general context, for pseudographs with loops and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-03-17 Michael Carr , Satyan L. Devadoss , Stefan Forcey

The chromatic polynomial and its generalization, the chromatic symmetric function, are two important graph invariants. Celebrated theorems of Birkhoff, Whitney, and Stanley show how both objects can be expressed in three different ways: as…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-07-28 Bruce E. Sagan , Vincent Vatter

Preorder polytopes, defined from preorders on finite sets, are introduced and studied from a lattice point enumeration point of view. They naturally generalize arbor polytopes, recently introduced and studied by the second named author.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-27 Frédéric Chapoton , Christos A. Athanasiadis

The concept of antimagic labelings of a graph is to produce distinct vertex sums by labeling edges through consecutive numbers starting from one. A long-standing conjecture is that every connected graph, except a single edge, is antimagic.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-05-21 Fei-Huang Chang , Hong-Bin Chen , Wei-Tian Li , Zhishi Pan

Motivated by pseudo-Gorenstein rings in commutative algebra, introduced by Herzog et al., we define pseudo-Gorenstein$^{*}$ graphs and classify them in several natural graph families using independence polynomials.

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2026-03-10 Takayuki Hibi , Selvi Kara , Dalena Vien

Given a graph G, the graph associahedron is a simple convex polytope whose face poset is based on the connected subgraphs of G. With the additional assignment of a color palette, we define the colorful graph associahedron, show it to be a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-11-17 Satyan L. Devadoss , Mia Smith

In this paper we give several criteria for the edge polytope of a fundamental FHM-graph to possess a regular unimodular triangulation in terms of some simple data of the the graph. We further apply our criteria to several examples of graphs…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-12-02 Ginji Hamano

It is known that the canonical double cover of any connected nonbipartite graph have an automorphism group of the form $H \rtimes \mathbb{Z}_2$, where $H$ is the set of automorphism which preserve bipartite parts. We construct connected…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-06-11 Bartłomiej Bychawski

There has been a great deal of research on graphs defined on algebraic structures in the last two decades. In this paper we begin an exploration of hypergraphs defined on algebraic structures, especially groups, to investigate whether this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-03-02 Peter J. Cameron , Aparna Lakshmanan S. , Midhuna V. Ajith