Related papers: Virtual strings

A string model with dynamical metric and torsion is proposed. The geometry of the string is described by an effective Lagrangian for the scalar and vector fields. The path integral quantization of the string is considered.

We define new notions of groups of virtual and welded knots (or links) and we study their relations with other invariants, in particular the Kauffman group of a virtual knot.

A realization of discrete conjugate net is presented by using correlation functions of strings in a gauge covariant form.

A string graph is the intersection graph of curves in the plane. Kratochv\'il previously showed the existence of infinitely many obstacles: graphs that are not string graphs but for which any edge contraction or vertex deletion produces a…

The notion of a pseudoknot is defined as an equivalence class of knot diagrams that may be missing some crossing information. We provide here a topological invariant schema for pseudoknots and their relatives, 4-valent rigid vertex spatial…

Multicrossings, which have previously been defined for classical knots and links, are extended to virtual knots and links. In particular, petal diagrams are shown to exist for all virtual knots.

I review some of the recent progress in two-dimensional string theory, which is formulated as a sum over surfaces embedded in one dimension.

Intrinsic and extrinsic geometric properties of string world sheets in curved space-time background are explored. In our formulation, the only dynamical degrees of freedom of the string are its immersion coordinates. Classical equation of…

This is a brief overview on the current status of string theory for non-specialists. The purpose is to give an aspect on the nature of string theory as a unified theory of all interactions including quantum gravity and to discuss future…

It is argued that string theory may pose new conceptual issues for the history and philosophy of science.

A geometric interpretation of quantum self-interacting string field theory is given. Relations between various approaches to the second quantization of an interacting string are described in terms of the geometric quantization. An algorithm…

In this talk, based on work done in collaboration with G. Landi and R.J Szabo, I will review how string theory can be considered as a noncommutative geometry based on an algebra of vertex operators. The spectral triple of strings is…

This paper discusses a generalization of virtual knot theory that we call multi-virtual knot theory. Multi-virtual knot theory uses a multiplicity of types of virtual crossings. As we will explain, this multiplicity is motivated by the way…

We give the general form of the vertex corresponding to the interaction of an arbitrary number of strings. The technique employed relies on the ``comma" representation of String Field Theory where string fields and interactions are…

I study a relativistic open string coupling through its endpoints to a plane wave with arbitrary temporal profile. The string's transverse oscillations respond linearly to the external field. This makes it possible to solve the classical…

Virtual constraints are relations imposed in a control system that become invariant via feedback, instead of real physical constraints acting on the system. Nonholonomic systems are mechanical systems with non-integrable constraints on the…

We provide a concise and accessible introduction to (geometric) string structures, highlighting their connection to loop spaces and outlining relationships with neighboring topics.

The aim of these lectures is to give an introduction to several topics which lie at the intersection of string theory, gravity theory and gravity phenomenology. One successively reviews: (i) the "membrane" approach to the dissipative…

Oriented closed curves on an orientable surface with boundary are described up to continuous deformation by reduced cyclic words in the generators of the fundamental group and their inverses. By self-intersection number one means the…

In this paper, we give a geometric interpretation of virtual knotoids as arcs in thickened surfaces. Then we show that virtual knotoid theory is a generalization of classical knotoid theory. This gives a proof of a conjecture of Kauffman…