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To apply Morse's critical point theory, we use mutual distances as coordinates to discuss a kind of central configuration of the planar Newtonian 5-body problem with a trapezoidal convex hull, i.e., four of the five bodies are located at…
We present a numerical method for the solution of Newton's problem of least resistance in the class of convex functions using a convex hull approach. We observe that the numerically computed solutions possess some symmetry. Further, their…
Up to symmetries, the orbits of three equal masses under an inverse cube force with zero angular momentum and constant moment of inertia can be reparametrized as the geodesics of a complete, negatively curved metric on a pair of pants. The…
Let a number, N, of particles interact classically through Newton's Laws of Motion and Newton's inverse square Law of Gravitation. The resulting equations of motion provide an approximate mathematical model with numerous applications in…
Recent work in the literature has studied the restricted three-body problem within the framework of effective-field-theory models of gravity. This paper extends such a program by considering the full three-body problem, when the Newtonian…
We obtain a formula for the number of horizontal equilibria of a planar convex body $K$ with respect to a center of mass $O$ in terms of the winding number of the evolute of $\partial K$ with respect to $O$. The formula extends to the case…
Various many-body models are treated, which describe $N$ points confined to move on a plane circle. Their Newtonian equations of motion ("accelerations equal forces") are integrable, i. e. they allow the explicit exhibition of $N$ constants…
The method of Hessian measures is used to find the differential equation that defines the optimal shape of nonrotationally symmetric bodies with minimal resistance moving in a rare medium. The synthesis of optimal solutions is described. A…
We study the problem of minimal resistance for a body moving with constant velocity in a rarefied medium of chaotically moving point particles, in Euclidean space R^d. The particles distribution over velocities is radially symmetric. Under…
In 1969, Vic Klee asked whether a convex body is uniquely determined (up to translation and reflection in the origin) by its inner section function, the function giving for each direction the maximal area of sections of the body by…
We consider the curved 4-body problems on spheres and hyperbolic spheres. After obtaining a criterion for the existence of quadrilateral configu- rations on the equator of the sphere, we study two restricted 4-body problems, one in which…
Continuing work initiated in an earlier publication [Yamada, Tsuchiya, and Asada, Phys. Rev. D 91, 124016 (2015)], we reexamine the linear stability of the triangular solution in the relativistic three-body problem for general masses by the…
In this paper we find the families of relative equilibria for the three body problem in the plane, when the interaction between the bodies is given by a quasi-homogeneous potential, which is the sum of two homogeneous functions. The number…
We present a proof of the existence of a periodic orbit for the Newtonian six-body problem with equal masses. This orbit has three double collisions each period and no multiple collisions. Our proof is based on the minimization of the…
For some planar Newtonian $N+3$-body problems, we use variational minimization methods to prove the existence of new periodic solutions satisfying that $N$ bodies chase each other on a curve, and the other 3 bodies chase each other on…
We consider the Newtonian planar three-body problem, defining a syzygy (velocity syzygy) as a configuration where the positions (velocities) of the three bodies become collinear. We demonstrate that if the total energy is negative, every…
We study central configurations of the Newtonian four-body problem that form a trapezoid. Using a topological argument we prove that there is at most one trapezoidal central configuration for each cyclic ordering of the masses.
Three-body systems of scalar bosons are described in the framework of relativistic constraint dynamics. With help of a change of variables followed by a change of wave function, two redundant degrees of freedom get eliminated and the…
The regular-geometric-figure solution to the $N$-body problem is presented in a very simple way. The Newtonian formalism is used without resorting to a more involved rotating coordinate system. Those configurations occur for other kinds of…
An equilateral pentagon is a polygon in the plane with five sides of equal length. In this paper we classify the central configurations of the $5$-body problem having the five bodies at the vertices of an equilateral pentagon with an axis…