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In this paper, a theory of quandle rings is proposed for quandles analogous to the classical theory of group rings for groups, and interconnections between quandles and associated quandle rings are explored.

Group Theory · Mathematics 2021-07-22 Valeriy G. Bardakov , Inder Bir Singh Passi , Mahender Singh

This article gives a foundational account of various characterizations of framed links in the $3$-sphere.

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2020-05-26 Mohamed Elhamdadi , Mustafa Hajij , Kyle Istvan

This is an overview paper that describes Eliashberg's Legendrian surgery approach to wrapped Floer cohomology and use it to derive the basic relations between various holomorphic curve theories with additional algebraic constructions. We…

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2024-11-20 Tobias Ekholm

We use the spanning tree model for Khovanov homology to study Legendrian links. This leads to an alternative proof for Ng's Khovanov bound for the Thurston-Bennequin number and to both a necessary and a sufficient condition for this bound…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2009-05-11 Hao Wu

Examples are given of prime Legendrian knots in the standard contact 3-space that have arbitrarily many distinct Chekanov polynomials, refuting a conjecture of Lenny Ng. These are constructed using a new `Legendrian tangle replacement'…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2014-11-11 Paul Melvin , Sumana Shrestha

Virtual knot theory is a generalization (discovered by the author in 1996) of knot theory to the study of all oriented Gauss codes. (Classical knot theory is a study of planar Gauss codes.) Graph theory studies non-planar graphs via…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Louis H. Kauffman

This is a survey of knot contact homology, with an emphasis on topological, algebraic, and combinatorial aspects.

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2015-09-01 Lenhard Ng

We give an explicit formula to compute the rotation number of a nullhomologous Legendrian knot in contact (1/n)-surgery diagrams along Legendrian links and obtain a corresponding result for the self-linking number of transverse knots.…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2017-09-01 Sebastian Durst , Marc Kegel

Real Legendrian subvarieties are classical objects of differential geometry and classical mechanics and they have been studied since antiquity. However, complex Legendrian subvarieties are much more rigid and have more exceptional…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2013-05-16 Jarosław Buczyński

We construct a Legendrian version of Envelope theory. A tangential family is a 1-parameter family of rays emanating tangentially from a smooth plane curve. The Legendrian graph of the family is the union of the Legendrian lifts of the…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Gianmarco Capitanio

This paper defines a theory of cobordism for virtual knots and studies this theory for standard and rotational virtual knots and links. Non-trivial examples of virtual slice knots are given. Determinations of the four-ball genus of positive…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2014-09-02 Louis H. Kauffman

We give an explicit algorithm to Legendrian realize a homologically nontrivial simple closed curve on a ribbon surface of a Legendrian graph in the standard contact structure $(\mathbb{R}^3,\xi_{\rm st})$. As an application, we obtain an…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2026-04-10 Eric Stenhede

This paper explores the relationship between the existence of an exact embedded Lagrangian filling for a Legendrian knot in the standard contact $\rr^3$ and the hierarchy of positive, strongly quasi-positive, and quasi-positive knots. On…

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2013-07-30 Kyle Hayden , Joshua M. Sabloff

We investigate when a Legendrian knot in standard contact $\mathbb{R}^3$ has a non-orientable exact Lagrangian filling. We prove analogs of several results in the orientable setting, develop new combinatorial obstructions to fillability,…

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2022-04-01 Linyi Chen , Grant Crider-Phillips , Braeden Reinoso , Joshua M. Sabloff , Leyu Yau

The study of the Vassiliev invariants of Legendrian knots was started by D. Fuchs and S. Tabachnikov who showed that the groups of complex-valued Vassiliev invariants of Legendrian and of framed knots in the standard contact $R^3$ are…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2016-09-07 Vladimir Tchernov

We classify Legendrian knots of topological type $7_6$ having maximal Thurston--Bennequin number confirming the corresponding conjectures of Chongchitmate--Ng.

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2020-03-25 Ivan Dynnikov , Maxim Prasolov

We use the contact invariant defined in [2] to construct a new invariant of Legendrian knots in Kronheimer and Mrowka's monopole knot homology theory (KHM), following a prescription of Stipsicz and V\'ertesi. Our Legendrian invariant…

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2019-02-12 John A. Baldwin , Steven Sivek

See http://www.math.msu.edu/~abbas or Wiley preprint server.

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Casim Abbas

For a given $g>0$, we construct a family of non-decomposable Lagrangian cobordisms of genus $g$ between (stabilized) Legendrian knots in the standard contact three-sphere. The main technique we use to obstruct decomposability is based on…

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2025-11-14 Roman Golovko , Daniel Komárek

We use an estimate on the Thurston--Bennequin invariant of a Legendrian link in terms of its Kauffman-polynomial to show that links of topological unknots, e.g. the Borromean rings or the Whithead link, may not be represented by Legendrian…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Klaus Mohnke