Related papers: Fraenkel's Partition and Brown's Decomposition
A beautiful theorem of Zeckendorf states that every positive integer can be uniquely decomposed as a sum of non-consecutive Fibonacci numbers $\{F_n\}$, where $F_1 = 1$, $F_2 = 2$ and $F_{n+1} = F_n + F_{n-1}$. For general recurrences…
For any positive integers $s$ and $t$, let $Q_{t}^{s}(n)$ denotes the number of partitions of a positive integer $n$ into distinct parts such that no part is congruent to $s$ or $t-s$ modulo $t$. We prove some Ramanujan-type congruences for…
We show that for $n \geq 3, n\ne 5$, in any partition of $\mathcal{P}(n)$, the set of all subsets of $[n]=\{1,2,\dots,n\}$, into $2^{n-2}-1$ parts, some part must contain a triangle --- three different subsets $A,B,C\subseteq [n]$ such that…
A triangular partition is a partition whose Ferrers diagram can be separated from its complement (as a subset of $\mathbb{N}^2$) by a straight line. Having their origins in combinatorial number theory and computer vision, triangular…
Given a sequence $S=(s_1,\dots,s_m) \in [0, 1]^m$, a block $B$ of $S$ is a subsequence $B=(s_i,s_{i+1},\dots,s_j)$. The size $b$ of a block $B$ is the sum of its elements. It is proved in [1] that for each positive integer $n$, there is a…
We show that any quantum information theory based on anticommuting operators must be supplemented by a superselection rule deeply rooted in relativity to establish a reasonable notion of entanglement. While quantum information may be…
We consider decompositions of the real line into pairwise disjoint Borel pieces so that each piece is closed under addition. How many pieces can there be? We prove among others that the number of pieces is either at most 3 or uncountable,…
Let $p \equiv 1 \pmod{4}$ be prime, let $m$ and $n$ be integers such that $p=m^2+n^2$, and let $b$ be a positive integer. Let $Q(z,q) = (z,q/z,q;q)_{\infty}(qz^2,q/z^2;q^2)_{\infty}$ denote the product appearing in the quintuple product…
We study the separability of bipartite quantum systems in arbitrary dimensions using the Bloch representation of their density matrix. This approach enables us to find an alternative characterization of the separability problem, from which…
The composition operators preserving total non-negativity and total positivity for various classes of kernels are classified, following three themes. Letting a function act by post composition on kernels with arbitrary domains, it is shown…
It is known that any open necklace with beads of $t$ types in which the number of beads of each type is divisible by $k$, can be partitioned by at most $(k-1)t$ cuts into intervals that can be distributed into $k$ collections, each…
Entanglement is essential for quantum computation. However, disentanglement is also necessary. It can be achieved without the need of classical operations (measurements). Two examples are analyzed: the discrete Fourier transform and error…
Six-dimensional (2, 0) theory can be defined on a large class of six-manifolds endowed with some additional topological and geometric data (i.e. an orientation, a spin structure, a conformal structure, and an R-symmetry bundle with…
A partition of degree $n$ is a decomposition $n=i_1+i_2+\dots+i_q$, where ${i_1,i_2,\dots,i_q}$ are positive integers called the parts of the partition. Let $\lambda>0$ be an integer. The partition is said to be a $\lambda$--partition if…
We study a generalized class of weighted $k$-regular partitions defined by \[ \sum_{n=0}^{\infty} c_{k, r_1, r_2}(n) q^n = \prod_{n=1}^{\infty} \frac{(1 - q^{nk})^{r_1}}{(1 - q^n)^{r_2}}, \] which extends the classical $k$-regular partition…
We characterize the degree of entanglement of a subsystem of $k$ particles in a $N$-two level system ($k\leq N/2$) initially prepared in a mesoscopic superposition $|\psi>=\int d\theta f(\theta) (|\phi_{1}(\theta)>^{\otimes…
The partition functions $P(n,m,p)$, the number of integer partitions of $n$ into exactly $m$ parts with each part at most $p$, and $Q(n,m,p)$, the number of integer partitons of $n$ into exactly $m$ distinct parts with each part at most…
Different initial and boundary value problems for the equation of vibrations of rods (also called Fresnel equation) are solved by exploiting the connection with Brownian motion and the heat equation. The analysis of the fractional version…
The times of Brownian local minima, maxima and their union are three distinct examples of local, stationary, dense, random countable sets associated with classical Wiener noise. Being local means, roughly, determined by the local behavior…
Inspired by the `computable cross norm' or `realignment' criterion, we propose a new point of view about the characterization of the states of bipartite quantum systems. We consider a Schmidt decomposition of a bipartite density operator.…