Related papers: On generalized winding numbers

A singular point of a smooth map F: M -> N of manifolds is a point in M at which the rank of the differential dF is less than the minimum of dimensions of M and N. The classical invariant of the set S of singular points of F of a given type…

We give an explicit calculation of the Wu invariants for immersions of a finite graph into the plane and classify all generic immersions of a graph into the plane up to regular homotopy by the Wu invariant. This result is a generalization…

In the previous paper (arXiv:0804.0701), the authors gave criteria for A_{k+1}-type singularities on wave fronts. Using them, we show in this paper that there is a duality between singular points and inflection points on wave fronts in the…

Fold maps are higher dimensional versions of Morse functions, which play important roles in the studies of smooth manifolds, and such general maps also have been fundamental tools in the studies of smooth manifolds by using generic maps. In…

This is an overview article. After an introduction to convenient calculus in infinite dimensions, the foundational material for manifolds of mappings is presented. The central character is the smooth convenient manifold $C^{\infty}(M,N)$ of…

The f-invariant is a higher version of the e-invariant that takes values in the divided congruences between modular forms; it can be formulated as an elliptic genus of manifolds with corners of codimension two. In this thesis, we develop a…

A theory of graded manifolds can be viewed as a generalization of differential geometry of smooth manifolds. It allows one to work with functions which locally depend not only on ordinary real variables, but also on $\mathbb{Z}$-graded…

The gauge symmetry of classical general relativity under space-time diffeomorphisms implies that any path integral quantization which can be interpreted as a sum over space-time geometries, gives rise to a formal invariant of smooth…

Wave maps (i.e. nonlinear sigma models) with torsion are considered in 2+1 dimensions. Global existence of smooth solutions to the Cauchy problem is proven for certain reductions under a translation group action: invariant wave maps into…

For an integer $m\geq 1$, a combinatorial manifold $\widetilde{M}$ is defined to be a geometrical object $\widetilde{M}$ such that for $\forall p\in\widetilde{M}$, there is a local chart $(U_p,\phi_p)$ enable $\phi_p:U_p\to…

We compute the mapping class group orbits in the homotopy set of framings of a compact connected oriented surface with non-empty boundary. In the case $g > 1$ the computation is some modification of Johnson's results and certain arguments…

We study the symmetry groups and winding numbers of planar curves obtained as images of weighted sums of exponentials. More generally, we study the image of the complex unit circle under a finite or infinite Laurent series using a…

We give an explicit slice formula for a surface invariant of generic immersions in $\mathbb{R}^3$, expressed in terms of curve invariants arising from planar slices. Using a motion-picture viewpoint, we introduce differential measures that…

The author gives an alternative and simple proof of the global existence of smooth solutions to the Cauchy problem for wave maps from the 1+2-dimensional Minkowski space to an arbitrary compact smooth Riemannian manifold without boundary,…

We consider distributions on a closed compact manifold $M$ as maps on smoothing operators. Thus spaces of certain maps between $\Psi^{-\infty}(M)\to \mathcal{C}^{\infty}(M)$ are considered as generalized functions. For any collection of…

Let $K$ be the graph on vertices $\{1, 2, 3, 4, 5\}$, and having all edges except $(4, 5)$. A continuous map $f:K\to \R^2$ is called an \emph{almost embedding} if $f$-images of non-adjacent edges are disjoint. Take the winding numbers of…

This paper proposes a method to generalize the equations estimating the inductance of square-shape planar windings to rectangle shape. This is done by utilizing the optimal p-norm of the Generalized Mean Value or Power Mean (PM). Three…

A Brownian loop is a random walk circuit of infinitely many, suitably infinitesimal, steps. In a plane such a loop may or may not enclose a marked point, the origin, say. If it does so it may wind arbitrarily many times, positive or…

Linking numbers in higher dimensions and their generalization including gauge fields are studied in the context of BF theories. The linking numbers associated to $n$-manifolds with smooth flows generated by divergence-free p-vector fields,…

In this paper, one considers the change of orbifold Gromov-Witten invariants under weighted blow-up at smooth points. Some blow-up formula for Gromov-Witten invariants of symplectic orbifolds is proved. These results extend the results of…