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We prove explicit versions of Cram\'er's theorem for primes in arithmetic progressions, on the assumption of the generalized Riemann hypothesis.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-01-15 Adrian W. Dudek , Loïc Grenié , Giuseppe Molteni

Using a sieve-theoretic argument, we show that almost all gaps $(p_n, p_{n+1})$ between consecutive primes $p_n, p_{n+1}$ contain a natural number $m$ whose least prime factor $p(m)$ is at least the length $p_{n+1} - p_n$ of the gap,…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-08-11 Ayla Gafni , Terence Tao

We introduce a method for showing that there exist prime numbers which are very close together. The method depends on the level of distribution of primes in arithmetic progressions. Assuming the Elliott-Halberstam conjecture, we prove that…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 D. A. Goldston , J. Pintz , C. Y. Yildirim

The Alternative Hypothesis concerns a hypothetical and unlikely picture of how zeros of the Riemann zeta function are spaced which one would like to rule out. In the Alternative Hypothesis, the renormalized distance between nontrivial zeros…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-04-23 Jeffrey C. Lagarias , Brad Rodgers

For a fixed exponent $0 < \theta \leq 1$, it is expected that we have the prime number theorem in short intervals $\sum_{x \leq n < x+x^\theta} \Lambda(n) \sim x^\theta$ as $x \to \infty$. From the recent zero density estimates of Guth and…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-27 Ayla Gafni , Terence Tao

This paper considers sequences of points on the real line which have been randomly translated, and provides conditions under which various notions of convergence to a limiting point process are equivalent. In particular we consider…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-08-15 Juan Arias de Reyna , Brad Rodgers

A celebrated conjecture of Hardy and Littlewood provides with an asymptotic formula for the counting function of the twin primes. We give an unconditional proof of such a formula by means of a finite Ramanujan expansion of the counting…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2020-08-31 Maurizio Laporta

We improve Bombieri's asymptotic sieve to localise the variables. As a consequence, we prove, under a Elliott-Halberstam conjecture, that there exists an infinity of twins almost prime. Those are prime numbers $p$ such that for all…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-07-16 Nathalie Debouzy

We show that, for almost all $x$, the interval $(x, x+(\log x)^{2.1}]$ contains products of exactly two primes. This improves on a work of the second author that had $3.51$ in place of $2.1$. To obtain this improvement, we prove a new type…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-08-19 Kaisa Matomäki , Joni Teräväinen

Some interesting chaos phenomena have been found in the difference of prime numbers. Here we discuss a theme about the sum of two prime numbers, Goldbach conjecture. This conjecture states that any even number could be expressed as the sum…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2007-05-23 Wang Liang , Huang Yan , Dai Zhi-cheng

In this paper, a simple explanation for the Goldbach Conjecture is given. We have shown that the probability of violating the conjecture not only for the prime numbers, but also for any subset of natural numbers whose distribution is…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-02-07 Ameneh Farhadian , Hamid Reza Fanai

We present in this work a heuristic expression for the density of prime numbers. Our expression leads to results which possesses approximately the same precision of the Riemann's function in the domain that goes from 2 to 1010 at least.…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2008-03-05 L. A. Amarante Ribeiro

In this note we give two small results concerning the correlations of the Selberg sieve weights. We then use these estimates to derive a new (conditional) lower bound on the variance of the primes in short intervals, and also on the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-05-09 Aled Walker

The most common difference that occurs among the consecutive primes less than or equal to $x$ is called a jumping champion. Occasionally there are ties. Therefore there can be more than one jumping champion for a given $x$. In 1999 A.…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2011-03-03 D. A. Goldston , A. H. Ledoan

Assuming the Riemann hypothesis, we prove estimates for the variance of the real and imaginary part of the logarithm of the Riemann zeta-function in short intervals. We give three different formulations of these results. Assuming a…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-06-02 Meghann Moriah Lugar , Micah B. Milinovich , Emily Quesada-Herrera

This paper presents some considerations about the Goldbach's conjecture (GC). The work is based on elementary results of the number theory and it provides a constructive method that permits, given an even integer, to find at least a pair of…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2013-12-13 Ciro D'Urso

In this Note, we try to study the relations between the Goldbach Conjecture and the least prime number in an arithmetic progression. We give a new weakened form of the Goldbach Conjecture. We prove that this weakened form and a weakened…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2010-02-23 Shaohua Zhang

Prime numbers have attracted the attention of mathematiciansand enthusiasts for millenniums due to their simple definition and remarkable properties. In this paper, we study primorial numbers (the product of the first prime numbers) to…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-01-10 Jonatan Gomez

The concepts of primary and reciprocal experiments and base and travelling frames in special relativity are concisely described and applied to several different space-time experiments. These include Einstein's train/embankment thought…

General Physics · Physics 2011-11-14 J. H. Field

The purpose of this paper is to provide an exact formula for the second moment of the empirical correlation of two independent Gaussian random walks as well as implicit formulas for higher moments. The proofs are based on a symbolically…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-09-28 Philip A. Ernst , Dongzhou Huang , Frederi G. Viens