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Assuming the Riemann Hypothesis (RH), Montgomery proved a theorem concerning pair correlation of zeros of the Riemann zeta-function. One consequence of this theorem is that, assuming RH, at least $67.9\%$ of the nontrivial zeros are simple.…

We establish lower bounds for all weighted even moments of primes up to $X$ in intervals which are in agreement with a conjecture of Montgomery and Soundararajan. Our bounds hold unconditionally for an unbounded set of values of $X$, and…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-09-15 Régis de la Bretèche , Daniel Fiorilli

Montgomery in 1973 introduced the Pair Correlation Conjecture (PCC) for zeros of the Riemann zeta-function. He also conjectured that asymptotically 100% of the zeros are simple. His reasoning to support these two conjectures used the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-01 Daniel Alan Goldston , Junghun Lee , Jordan Schettler , Ade Irma Suriajaya

These notes are based on my four lectures given at the Newton Institute in April 2004 during the Recent Perspectives in Random Matrix Theory and Number Theory Workshop. Their purpose is to introduce the reader to the analytic number theory…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 D. A. Goldston

Montgomery in 1973 introduced the pair correlation method to study the vertical distribution of Riemann zeta-function zeros. This work assumed the Riemann Hypothesis (RH). One striking application was a short proof that at least 2/3 of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-06 Daniel A. Goldston , Ade Irma Suriajaya

We study an extension of Montgomery's pair-correlation conjecture and its relevance in some problems on the distribution of prime numbers.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-08-03 Alessandro Languasco , Alberto Perelli , Alessandro Zaccagnini

The discovery of connections between the distribution of energy levels of heavy nuclei and spacings between prime numbers has been one of the most surprising and fruitful observations in the twentieth century. The connection between the two…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-10-17 Owen Barrett , Frank W. K. Firk , Steven J. Miller , Caroline Turnage-Butterbaugh

We furnish an explicit bound for the prime number theorem in short intervals on the assumption of the Riemann hypothesis.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-04-18 Michaela Cully-Hugill , Adrian W. Dudek

Given good knowledge on the even moments, we derive asymptotic formulas for $\lambda$-th moments of primes in short intervals and prove "equivalence" result on odd moments. We also provide numerical evidence in support of these results.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Tsz Ho Chan

Fix \epsilon > 0, and let p_1 = 2, p_2 = 3,... be the sequence of all primes. We prove that if (q,a) = 1 then there are infinitely many pairs p_r, p_{r+1} such that p_r \equiv p_{r+1} \equiv a \mod q and p_{r+1} - p_r < \epsilon\log p_r.…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-02-26 Tristan Freiberg

We introduce a generic framework to provide bounds related to the pair correlation of sequences belonging to a wide class. We consider analogues of Montgomery's form factor for zeros of the Riemann zeta function in the case of arbitrary…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-02-10 Mithun Kumar Das , Tolibjon Ismoilov , Antonio Pedro Ramos

In this note, we generalise two results on prime numbers in short intervals. The first result is Ingham's theorem which connects the zero-density estimates with short intervals where the prime number theorem holds, and the second result is…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-11-05 Valeriia Starichkova

In this paper, we extend the result of Fujii on the second moment of $S(t+h) - S(t)$ to longer range of $h$ under the Riemann Hypothesis and an quantitative form of the Twin Prime Conjecture.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Tsz Ho Chan

Assuming the Riemann hypothesis (RH) and the linear independence conjecture (LI), we show that the weighted count of primes in multiple short intervals follows a multivariate Gaussian distribution with weak negative correlations. As an…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-04 Sun-Kai Leung

In an earlier paper, we proved that Montgomery's Pair Correlation Conjecture (PCC) for zeros of the Riemann zeta-function can be used to prove without the assumption of the Riemann Hypothesis (RH) that asymptotically 100% of the zeros are…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-10 Daniel A. Goldston , Junghun Lee , Jordan Schettler , Ade Irma Suriajaya

This paper gives an explicit version of Selberg's 1943 mean-value estimate for the prime number theorem in intervals under the Riemann hypothesis. Two applications are given: for primes in short intervals, and Goldbach numbers (sums of two…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-08-22 Michaela Cully-Hugill , Adrian W. Dudek

Baker, Harman, and Pintz showed that a weak form of the Prime Number Theorem holds in intervals of the form $[x-x^{0.525},x]$ for large $x$. In this paper, we extend a result of Maynard and Tao concerning small gaps between primes to…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-08-26 Ryan Alweiss , Sammy Luo

This paper updates the explicit interval estimate for primes between consecutive powers. It is shown that there is least one prime between $n^{155}$ and $(n+1)^{155}$ for all $n\geq 1$. This result is in part obtained with a new explicit…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-02-15 Michaela Cully-Hugill

The present paper is a report on joint work with Alessandro Languasco and Alberto Perelli on our recent investigations on the Selberg integral and its connections to Montgomery's pair-correlation function. We introduce a more general form…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-03-10 Alessandro Zaccagnini

The world of primes has many gaps between evidence and theorems. Here, we review Legendre's conjecture on primes between consecutive squares and recent progress on the weaker question of primes between consecutive larger powers. Assuming…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-27 Marc Chamberland , Armin Straub