Related papers: What is Stochastic Independence?
Stochastic chains represent a wide and key variety of phenomena in many branches of science within the context of Information Theory and Thermodynamics. They are typically approached by a sequence of independent events or by a memoryless…
We study notions of robustness of Markov kernels and probability distribution of a system that is described by $n$ input random variables and one output random variable. Markov kernels can be expanded in a series of potentials that allow to…
We reduce the conditionally monotone (c-monotone) independence of Hasebe to tensor independence. For that purpose, we use the approach developed for the reduction of boolean, free and monotone independences to tensor independence. We apply…
A classification of the ways in which an element of a free group can be expressed as a product of commutators or as a product of squares is given. This is then applied to some particular classes of elements. Finally, a question about…
This paper questions the generally accepted assumption that one can make a random choice that is independent of the rest of the universe. We give a general description of any setup that could be conceived to generate random numbers. Based…
Complex Schroedinger equation is transformed to spinor or coupled scalar field equations replacing the imaginary unit $i$ by a matrix $\begin{bmatrix} 0 & 1 \\-1 & 0 \end{bmatrix}$. New perspecive on stochasic approach is developed with…
In this work we introduce a theory of stochastic integration with respect to general cylindrical semimartingales defined on a locally convex space $\Phi$. Our construction of the stochastic integral is based on the theory of tensor products…
The stochastic frontier model with heterogeneous technical efficiency explained by exoge-nous variables is augmented with a spatial-temporal component, a generalization relaxing the panel independence assumption in a panel data. The…
We propose a semantic foundation for logics for reasoning in settings that possess a distinction between equality of variables, a coarser equivalence of variables, and a notion of conditional independence between variables. We show that…
The prototype of mutually independent systems are systems which are localized in spacelike separated regions. In the framework of locally covariant quantum field theory we show that the commutativity of observables in spacelike separated…
We propose a stochastic dynamics to be associated to a deterministic motion defined by a set of first order differential equation. The transitions that defined the stochastic dynamics are unidirectional and the rates are equal to the…
In the problem of entanglement there exist two different notions. One is the entanglement of a quantum state, characterizing the state structure. The other is entanglement production by quantum operators, describing the action of operators…
Quantum mechanics contains some strange unphysical concepts. Among these are complex numbers, Hilbert spaces with their unitary and self-adjoint operators, states represented by complex vectors, superpositions of states, collapse of wave…
Usual math sets have special types: countable, compact, open, occasionally Borel, rarely projective, etc. Each such set is described by a single Set Theory formula with parameters unrelated to other formulas. Exotic expressions involving…
In this paper, we introduce for the first time the notions of neutrosophic measure and neutrosophic integral, and we develop the 1995 notion of neutrosophic probability. We present many practical examples. It is possible to define the…
We develop a theory for describing composite objects in physics. These can be static objects, such as tables, or things that happen in spacetime (such as a region of spacetime with fields on it regarded as being composed of smaller such…
We introduce and study the property of orthogonal independence, a restricted additivity axiom applying when alternatives are orthogonal. The axiom requires that the preference for one marginal change over another should be maintained after…
We consider the notion of the matrix (tensor) distribution of a measurable function of several variables. On the one hand, it is an invariant of this function with respect to a certain group of transformations of variables; on the other…
We introduce a new interpretation of two related notions - conditional utility and utility independence. Unlike the traditional interpretation, the new interpretation renders the notions the direct analogues of their probabilistic…
Conditional independence, and more generally conditional mutual independence, are central notions in probability theory. In their general forms, they include functional dependence as a special case. In this paper, we tackle two fundamental…