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Recent years have witnessed the introduction and development of extremely fast rational function algorithms. Many ideas in this realm arose from polynomial-based linear-algebraic algorithms. However, polynomial approximation is occasionally…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-10-03 James Chok , Geoffrey M. Vasil

J.Ritt has investigated the structure of complex polynomials with respect to superposition. In particular, he listed all the polynomials admitting different double decompositions into indecomposable polynomials. The analogues of Ritt theory…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2013-12-03 Andrei Bogatyrev

A word-to-word function is rational if it can be realized by a non-deterministic one-way transducer. Over finite words, it is a classical result that any rational function is regular, i.e. it can be computed by a deterministic two-way…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2022-11-04 Olivier Carton , Gaëtan Douéneau-Tabot

Unlike polynomials, rational functions can represent functions having poles or branch cuts with root-exponential convergence and no Runge phenomenon. Recent developments of the AAA and greedy Thiele algorithms have sparked renewed interest…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-12-09 Tobin A. Driscoll

We define a ring whose elements are rational functions, whose addition is polynomial multiplication, and whose multiplication is a convolution operation. It is then show that this ring's endomorphisms exhibit a strong classification.…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2023-01-31 Milo Moses

Brjuno and R\"ussmann proved that every irrationally indifferent fixed point of an analytic function with a Brjuno rotation number is linearizable, and Yoccoz proved that this is sharp for quadratic polynomials. Douady conjectured that this…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2019-11-04 Lukas Geyer

We give a new elementary proof of the following theorem: if all critical points of a rational function g belong to the real line then there exists a fractional linear transformation L such that L(g) is a real rational function. Then we…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2012-02-07 Alexandre Eremenko , Andrei Gabrielov

In this paper we deal with composite rational functions having zeros and poles forming consecutive elements of an arithmetic progression. We also correct a result published earlier related to composite rational functions having a fixed…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-03-16 Szabolcs Tengely

The bifurcation sets of polynomial functions have been studied by many mathematicians from various points of view. In particular, N\'emethi and Zaharia described them in terms of Newton polytopes. In this paper, we will show analogous…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2020-12-29 Tat Thang Nguyen , Takahiro Saito , Kiyoshi Takeuchi

We study rational functions $f$ of degree $d+1$ such that $f$ is univalent in the exterior unit disc, and the image of the unit circle under $f$ has the maximal number of cusps ($d+1$) and double points $(d-2)$. We introduce a bi-angled…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2021-06-14 Kirill Lazebnik , Nikolai G. Makarov , Sabyasachi Mukherjee

The notion of microscopic state of the system at a given moment of time as a point in the phase space as well as a notion of trajectory is widely used in classical mechanics. However, it does not have an immediate physical meaning, since…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2013-04-24 A. S. Trushechkin , I. V. Volovich

A set $R\subset \mathbb{N}$ is called rational if it is well-approximable by finite unions of arithmetic progressions. Examples of rational sets include many classical sets of number-theoretical origin such as the set of squarefree numbers,…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-05-16 Vitaly Bergelson , Joanna Kułaga-Przymus , Mariusz Lemańczyk , Florian K. Richter

Call a noncommutative rational function $r$ regular if it has no singularities, i.e., $r(X)$ is defined for all tuples of self-adjoint matrices $X$. In this article regular noncommutative rational functions $r$ are characterized via the…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2017-11-29 Igor Klep , James Eldred Pascoe , Jurij Volčič

Rational functions of total degree $l$ in n variables have a representation in the Bernstein form defined over $n$ dimensional simplex. The range of a rational function is bounded by the smallest and the largest rational Bernstein…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-06-27 Tareq Hamadneh , Hassan Al-Zoubi , Hamza Alzaareer , Rafael Wisniewski

Let f be a rational function such that the multipliers of all repelling periodic points are real. We prove that the Julia set of such a function belongs to a circle. Combining this with a result of Fatou we conclude that whenever J(f)…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2012-02-07 Alexandre Eremenko , Sebastian van Strien

We examine two different ways of encoding a counting function, as a rational generating function and explicitly as a function (defined piecewise using the greatest integer function). We prove that, if the degree and number of input…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-05-08 Sven Verdoolaege , Kevin Woods

A natural connection between rational functions of several real or complex variables, and subspace collections is explored. A new class of function, superfunctions, are introduced which are the counterpart to functions at the level of…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2016-02-23 Graeme W. Milton

Diagonals of rational functions are an important class of functions arising in number theory, algebraic geometry, combinatorics, and physics. In this paper we study the diagonal grade of a function $f$, which is defined to be the smallest…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-15 Andrew Harder , Joe Kramer-Miller

We present criteria for deciding whether a bivariate rational function in two variables can be written as a sum of two (q-)differences of bivariate rational functions. Using these criteria, we show how certain double sums can be evaluated,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-10-25 Shaoshi Chen , Michael F. Singer

In 1923 Schur considered the following problem. Let f(X) be a polynomial with integer coefficients that induces a bijection on the residue fields Z/pZ for infinitely many primes p. His conjecture, that such polynomials are compositions of…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2019-07-30 Robert M. Guralnick , Peter Müller , Jan Saxl