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Two of the natural topologies for infinite graphs with edge-ends are Etop and Itop. In this paper, we study and characterize them. We show that Itop can be constructed by inverse limits of inverse systems of graphs with finitely many…
We give an upper bound for the topological entropy of maps on inverse limit spaces in terms of their set-valued components. In a special case of a diagonal map on the inverse limit space $\underleftarrow{\lim}(I,f)$, where every diagonal…
In the paper we study what sets can be obtained as $\alpha$-limit sets of backward trajectories in graph maps. We show that in the case of mixing maps, all those $\alpha$-limit sets are $\omega$-limit sets and for all but finitely many…
Let f be a unimodal map of the interval with critical point c. If the orbit of c is not dense then most points in lim{[0,1],f} have neighborhoods that are homeomorphic with the product of a Cantor set and an open arc. The points without…
We investigate the structure of $\omega$-limit (resp. $\alpha$-limit) sets for a monotone map $f$ on a regular curve $X$. %Let $X$ be a regular curve and let $f: X\longrightarrowX$ be a monotone map. We show that for any $x\in X$ (resp. for…
We introduce the Plaque Topology on the inverse limit of a branched covering self-map of a Riemann surface of a finite degree greater than one. We present the notions of regular and irregular points in the setting of this Plaque Inverse…
We consider the maximal number of arbitrary points in a special fibre that can be simultaneously approached by points in one sequence of general fibres. Several results about this topological invariant and their applications describe the…
We prove that for any weakly convergent sequence of finite graphs with bounded vertex degrees, there exists a topological limit graphing.
In this paper we study the number of finite topologies on an $n$-element set subject to various restrictions.
For a continuous map on a topological graph containing a unique loop S it is possible to define the degree and, for a map of degree 1, rotation numbers. It is known that the set of rotation numbers of points in S is a compact interval and…
In a series of three papers we develop an end space theory for directed graphs. As for undirected graphs, the ends of a digraph are points at infinity to which its rays converge. Unlike for undirected graphs, some ends are joined by limit…
Let $f$ be a piecewise continuous and monotonic map on the interval with at most finitely many discontinuities and turning points. In this paper we study properties about this class of maps and show its main difference from the continuous…
We study Markov multi-maps of the interval from the point of view of topological dynamics. Specifically, we investigate whether they have various properties, including topological transitivity, topological mixing, dense periodic points, and…
In the inverse limit ${\hat{I}}_s$ of a tent map $f_s$ restricted to its core, the set $\mathcal{GR}$ of points whose path components are bi-infinite and bi-dense has full measure with respect to the measure induced on $\hat{I}_s$ by the…
We focus on working on incidence rings, a class of (possibly infinite) matrix rings indexed by ordered sets. Some general properties about them are given, including how they are always the inverse limit of finite matrix rings, giving a…
We derive an algorithm to determine recursively the lap number (minimal number of monotone pieces) of the iterates of unimodal maps of an interval with free end-points. The algorithm is obtained by the sign analysis of the itineraries of…
For a continuous map on a topological graph containing a loop $S$ it is possible to define the degree (with respect to the loop $S$) and, for a map of degree $1$, rotation numbers. We study the rotation set of these maps and the periods of…
In this paper we will refine Sacksteder's theorem for groups of orientation-preserving homeomorphisms of the circle in the case that there exists a finite orbit set. We will give a categorization of the topological possibilities for the…
In architecture, city planning, visual arts, and other design areas, shapes are often made with points, or with structural representations based on point-sets. Shapes made with points can be understood more generally as finite arrangements…
The monography examines the problem of constructing a group of automorphisms of a graph. A graph automorphism is a mapping of a set of vertices onto itself that preserves adjacency. The set of such automorphisms forms a vertex group of a…