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Commutative K-theory, a cohomology theory built from spaces of commuting matrices, has been explored in recent work of Adem, G\'{o}mez, Gritschacher, Lind, and Tillman. In this article, we use unstable methods to construct explicit…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2019-06-04 Daniel A. Ramras , Bernardo Villarreal

We enhance the psyquandle counting invariant for singular knots and pseudoknots using quivers analogously to quandle coloring quivers. This enables us to extend the in-degree polynomial invariants from quandle coloring quiver theory to the…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2021-07-14 Jose Ceniceros , Anthony Christiana , Sam Nelson

We enhance the quandle coloring quiver invariant of oriented knots and links with quandle modules. This results in a two-variable polynomial invariant with specializes to the previous quandle module polynomial invariant as well as to the…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2020-11-12 Karma Istanbouli , Sam Nelson

Quandle Coloring Quivers are directed graph-valued invariants of classical and virtual knots and links associated to finite quandles. Quandle action quivers are subquivers of the full quandle coloring quiver associated to quandle actions by…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2024-04-02 Mason Cai , Sam Nelson

By using the cohomology theory of quandles, quandle cocycle invariants and shadow quandle cocycle invariants are defined for oriented links and surface-links via broken surface diagrams. By using symmetric quandles, symmetric quandle…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2015-02-06 Seiichi Kamada , Jieon Kim , Sang Youl Lee

We construct elements of the third quandle homology groups of knot quandles, which are called the shadow fundamental classes. They play the same roles for the shadow quandle cocycle invariants of knots as the fundamental classes of knot…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2009-06-04 Yasto Kimura

Ishii and Oshiro introduced the notion of an $f$-twisted Alexander matrix, which is a quandle version of a twisted Alexander matrix and defined an invariant of finitely presented quandles. In this paper, we study $f$-twisted Alexander…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2023-02-23 Yuta Taniguchi

A continuous cohomology theory for topological quandles is introduced, and compared to the algebraic theories. Extensions of topological quandles are studied with respect to continuous 2-cocycles, and used to show the differences in second…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2020-08-04 Mohamed Elhamdadi , Masahico Saito , Emanuele Zappala

We construct the new non-trivial state--sum invariants for virtual knots and links by a generalization of the powerful Carter--Saito--Jelsovsky--Kamada--Langford theorem for classical knots. The main result of this work is based on…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2023-07-06 A. A. Kazakov

For an oriented knot $K$, we construct a functor from the category of pointed quandles to the category of quandles in three different ways. We also extend the quandle cocycle invariants of knots by using these quandle-valued invariant of…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2014-06-11 Tetsuya Ito

Biracks are algebraic structures related to knots and links. We define a new enhancement of the birack counting invariant for oriented classical and virtual knots and links via algebraic structures called birack dynamical cocycles. The new…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2012-05-22 Sam Nelson , Emily Watterberg

In this short survey article we collect the current state of the art in the nascent field of \textit{quantum enhancements}, a type of knot invariant defined by collecting values of quantum invariants of knots with colorings by various…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2026-02-19 Sam Nelson

Geometric representations of cycles in quandle homology theory are given in terms of colored knot diagrams. Abstract knot diagrams are generalized to diagrams with exceptional points which, when colored, correspond to degenerate cycles.…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 J. Scott Carter , Seiichi Kamada , Masahico Saito

Quandles with good involutions, which are called symmetric quandles, can be used to define invariants of unoriented knots and links. In this paper, we determine the necessary and sufficient condition for good involutions of a generalized…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2023-02-23 Yuta Taniguchi

We enhance the quandle counting invariants of oriented classical and virtual knots and links using a construction similar to quandle modules but inspired by symplectic quandle operations rather than Alexander quandle operations. Given a…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2023-04-18 Will Gilroy , Sam Nelson

We define a family of quiver representation-valued invariants of oriented classical and virtual knots and links associated to a choice of finite quandle $X$, abelian group $A$, set of quandle 2-cocycles $C\subset H^2_Q(x;A)$, choice of…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2024-12-24 Sam Nelson

We incorporate quandle cocycle information into the quandle coloring quivers we defined in arXiv:1807.10465 to define weighted directed graph-valued invariants of oriented links we call \textit{quandle cocycle quivers}. This construction…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2019-04-22 Karina Cho , Sam Nelson

The Alexander polynomial of a knot has been generalized in three different ways to give twisted invariants. The resulting invariants are usually referred to as twisted Alexander polynomials, higher-order Alexander polynomials and…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2014-10-28 Jérôme Dubois , Stefan Friedl , Wolfgang Lück

We introduce a relation of cobordism for knots in thickened surfaces and study cobordism invariants of such knots.

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2014-02-26 Vladimir Turaev

Biquandles are generalizations of quandles. As well as quandles, biquandles give us many invariants for oriented classical/virtual/surface links. Some invariants derived from biquandles are known to be stronger than those from quandles for…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2020-03-27 Katsumi Ishikawa , Kokoro Tanaka