Related papers: An Orientation-Sensitive Vassiliev Invariant for V…
We define an invariant of transverse links in the standard contact 3-sphere as a distinguished element of the Khovanov homology of the link. The quantum grading of this invariant is the self-linking number of the link. For knots, this gives…
In mathematics there is a wide class of knot invariants that may be expressed in the form of multiple line integrals computed along the trajectory C describing the spatial conformation of the knot. In this work it is addressed the problem…
We define the virtual bridge number $vb(K)$ and the virtual unknotting number $vu(K)$ invariants for virtual knots. For ordinary knots $K$ they are closely related to the bridge number $b(K)$ and the unknotting number $u(K)$ and we have…
This paper is an introduction to the subject of virtual knot theory, combined with a discussion of some specific new theorems about virtual knots. The new results are as follows: We prove, using a 3-dimensional topology approach that if a…
The Kontsevich integral $Z$ associates to each braid $b$ (or more generally knot $k$) invariants $Z_i(b)$ lying in finite dimensional vector spaces, for $i = 0, 1, 2, ...$. These values are not yet known, except in special cases. The…
We consider an algebra of (classical or virtual) tangles over an ordered circuit operad and introduce Conway-type invariants of tangles which respect this algebraic structure. The resulting invariants contain both the coefficients of the…
We define a family of virtual knots generalizing the classical twist knots. We develop a recursive formula for the Alexander polynomial $\Delta_0$ (as defined by Silver and Williams) of these virtual twist knots. These results are applied…
Parity mappings from the chords of a Gauss diagram to the integers is defined. The parity of the chords is used to construct families of invariants of Gauss diagrams and virtual knots. One family consists of degree $n$ Vassiliev invariants.
In 1993 K. Habiro defined $C_k$-move of oriented links and around 1994 he proved that two oriented knots are transformed into each other by $C_k$-moves if and only if they have the same Vassiliev invariants of order $\leq k-1$. In this…
We introduce two new families of polynomial invariants of oriented classical and virtual knots and links defined as decategorfications of the quandle coloring quiver. We provide examples to illustrate the computation of the invariants, show…
Two categorifications are given for the arrow polynomial, an extension of the Kauffman bracket polynomial for virtual knots. The arrow polynomial extends the bracket polynomial to infinitely many variables, each variable corresponding to an…
A weak chord index $Ind'$ is constructed for self crossing points of virtual links. Then a new writhe polynomial $W$ of virtual links is defined by using $Ind'$. $W$ is a generalization of writhe polynomial defined in [6]. Based on $W$,…
A formula for the difference of Vassiliev invariants of degree k+1 of two knots all of whose Vassiliev invariants of degree k agree is proven. The proof uses K. Habiro's C-moves and his theorem which relates them to Vassiliev invariants.
The total twist number, which represents the first non-trivial Vassiliev knot invariant, is derived from the second order expression of the Wilson loop expectation value in the Chern-Simons theory. Using the well-known fact that the…
In this paper, we define the parity virtual Alexander polynomial following the work of BDGGHN [1] and Kaestner and Kauffman [10]. The properties of this invariant are explored and some examples are computed. In particular, the invariant…
The forbidden moves in virtual knot theory can be used to unknot any knot, virtual or classical; however, multi-component crossings in links can still survive, resulting a fused link. Using the forbidden moves, we categorify fused links…
We review quantum field theory approach to the knot theory. Using holomorphic gauge we obtain the Kontsevich integral. It is explained how to calculate Vassiliev invariants and coefficients in Kontsevich integral in a combinatorial way…
We construct an Alexander type invariant for oriented doodles from a deformation of the Tits representation of the twin group and from the Chebyshev polynomials of second kind. Similar to the Alexander polynomial, our invariant vanishes on…
A group invariant for links in thickened closed orientable surfaces is studied. Associated polynomial invariants are defined. The group detects nontriviality of a virtual link and determines its virtual genus.
To each rail knotoid we associate two unoriented knots along with their oriented counterparts, thus deriving invariants for rail knotoids based on these associations. We then translate them to invariants of rail isotopy for rail arcs.