Related papers: A calculus for shadows of smooth 4-manifolds
This paper has been withdrawn. Its new version has been published.
This paper has been withdrawn by the author, due to an error in the proof of Theorem 3.8.
This paper has been withdrawn by the author due to a crucial error in last part of proof.
This paper has been withdrawn by the author due to a mistake in the section 4.
This paper has been withdrawn by the author due to a crucial error in the proof of Lemma 2.2.
This paper has been withdrawn by the author, due a crucial mistake in proof of lemma 4.2.
This paper has been withdrawn by the author, due to an error in Proposition 2.2.
We give a self-contained introduction to the theory of Turaev's shadows as a tool to study 3 and 4-manifolds. The goal of the present paper twofold: on one side it is intended to be a shortcut to a basic use of the theory of shadows, on the…
The paper is withdrawn. The proof has an error and it requires a different approach.
This paper was withdrawn by the author due to an edition's rights
This paper has been withdrawn by the author due to errors and bad formalization.
This paper has been withdrawn by the author due to a critical error in the proof of Theorem A pointed out by Burkhard Wilking.
This paper has been withdrawn by the author due to an error in the proof.
This paper has been withdrawn by the author due to serious error found in main argument.
The paper was withdrawn due to a gap in the proof of Lemma 3.
This paper has been withdrawn by the authors. We have discovered an error in the evaluation of the diagram, which invalidates our conclusion.
This paper has been withdrawn by the author, due to a significant error in section 4.3.1.
This paper has been withdrawn by the authors due to a gap in the proof of the main result (in 5.3).
This paper has been withdrawn by the authors. We have discovered an error in the evaluation of the diagram, which invalidates our conclusion.
The paper is withdrawn due to mistakes in the proofs for Proposition 1.2 and Theorem 2.2.