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Variable annuities (VA) are popular insurance products. VAs provides the insured with a guaranteed accumulation rate on their premium at maturity. In addition, the insured may receive extra benefit if returns of underlying funds are high…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2011-08-26 V. M. Belyaev

The main purpose of this work is to derive a partial differential equation for the reserves of life insurance liabilities subject to stochastic interest rates where the benefits and premiums depend directly on changes in the interest rate…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2021-01-01 David R. Baños

This paper proposes a market consistent valuation framework for variable annuities with guaranteed minimum accumulation benefit, death benefit and surrender benefit features. The setup is based on a hybrid model for the financial market and…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2019-05-24 Laura Ballotta , Ernst Eberlein , Thorsten Schmidt , Raghid Zeineddine

We consider continuous-time Markov chains on integers which allow transitions to adjacent states only, with alternating rates. We give explicit formulas for probability generating functions, and also for means, variances and state…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-10-30 Luisa Beghin , Claudio Macci , Barbara Martinucci

We analyze the household savings problem in a general setting where returns on assets, non-financial income and impatience are all state dependent and fluctuate over time. All three processes can be serially correlated and mutually…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2020-08-07 Qingyin Ma , John Stachurski , Alexis Akira Toda

A variable annuity is an equity-linked financial product typically offered by insurance companies. The policyholder makes an upfront payment to the insurance company and, in return, the insurer is required to make a series of payments…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2019-11-25 Riley Jones , Adriana Ocejo

The paper studies pricing of insurance products focusing on the pricing of annuities under uncertainty. This pricing problem is crucial for financial decision making and was studied intensively, however, many open questions still remain. In…

General Economics · Economics 2022-07-20 Nikolai Dokuchaev

In this paper we provide a theoretical analysis of Variable Annuities with a focus on the holder's right to an early termination of the contract. We obtain a rigorous pricing formula and the optimal exercise boundary for the surrender…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2024-05-06 Tiziano De Angelis , Alessandro Milazzo , Gabriele Stabile

One of the risks derived from selling long term policies that any insurance company has, arises from interest rates. In this paper we consider a general class of stochastic volatility models written in forward variance form. We also deal…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2020-06-29 David R. Baños , Marc Lagunas-Merino , Salvador Ortiz-Latorre

The stability of income payments in a pooled annuity fund is studied. In those funds, members receive a fluctuating income depending on their experienced mortality in exchange for their pension savings. The focus is on describing the…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2022-08-12 Thomas Bernhardt , Ge Qu

This seems to be the first English translation of this paper from the French original, ``Sur les rentes viageres''. In the paper, Euler gives a general formula for calculating the price of a life annuity that yields a certain amount per…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Leonhard Euler

We consider economic obstacles that limit the reliability and accuracy of value-at-risk (VaR). Investors who manage large market transactions should take into account the impact of the randomness of large trade volumes on predictions of…

General Economics · Economics 2024-04-30 Victor Olkhov

We discuss the probabilistic properties of the variation based third and fourth moments of financial returns as estimators of the actual moments of the return distributions. The moment variations are defined under non-parametric assumptions…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2019-08-15 Kyungsub Lee

In this paper, we are concerned with the valuation of Guaranteed Annuity Options (GAOs) under the most generalised modelling framework where both interest and mortality rates are stochastic and correlated. Pricing these type of options in…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2017-07-05 Raj Kumari Bahl , Sotirios Sabanis

We study the closure properties of the class of Bivariate Regular Variation, symbolically BRV , in standard and nonstandard cases, with respect to the randomly weighted sums. However, we take into consideration a weak dependence structure…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-06-24 Dimitrios G. Konstantinides , Charalampos D. Passalidis

Random shifting typically appears in credibility models whereas random scaling is often encountered in stochastic models for claim sizes reflecting the time-value property of money. In this article we discuss some aspects of random shifting…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-10-08 Enkelejd Hashorva , Lanpeng Ji

Pricing extremely long-dated liabilities market consistently deals with the decline in liquidity of financial instruments on long maturities. The aim is to quantify the uncertainty of rates up to maturities of a century. We assume that the…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2013-12-19 Anne Balter , Antoon Pelsser , Peter Schotman

Dividend discount models have been developed in a deterministic setting. Some authors (Hurley and Johnson, 1994 and 1998; Yao, 1997) have introduced randomness in terms of stochastic growth rates, delivering closed-form expressions for the…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2017-04-24 Arianna Agosto , Alessandra Mainini , Enrico Moretto

Research has shown banks match interest income and expense betas, and thereby obtain net interest income margins which are insensitive to changes in short-term interest rates. The present analysis extends this research in a number of ways.…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2025-10-10 Matt Brigida

Let $X$ be a random variable that takes its values in $\frac{1}{q}\mathbb{Z}$, for some integer $q\ge2$, and consider $X$ rounded to an integer, either downwards or upwards or to the nearest integer. We give general formulas for the…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-04-10 Svante Janson
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