Related papers: Cut numbers of 3-manifolds

We prove that, up to isomorphism and anti-isomorphism, there are only two semigroups which are the union of two copies of the free monogenic semigroup. Similarly, there are only nine semigroups which are the union of three copies of the…

In this note, we study the cut locus of the free, step two Carnot groups $\mathbb{G}_k$ with $k$ generators, equipped with their left-invariant Carnot-Carath\'eodory metric. In particular, we disprove the conjectures on the shape of the cut…

Suppose that the 3-manifold M is given by integral surgery along a link L in S^3. In the following we construct a stable map from M to the plane, whose singular set is canonically oriented. We obtain upper bounds for the minimal numbers of…

By use of a variety of techniques (most based on constructions of quasipositive knots and links, some old and others new), many smooth 3-manifolds are realized as transverse intersections of complex surfaces in complex 3-space with strictly…

For a graph $G$, let $f(G)$ denote the size of the maximum cut in $G$. The problem of estimating $f(G)$ as a function of the number of vertices and edges of $G$ has a long history and was extensively studied in the last fifty years. In this…

We construct the first example of a 5-dimensional simply connected compact manifold that admits a K-contact structure but does not admit a semi-regular Sasakian structure. For this, we need two ingredients: (a) to construct a suitable…

The symmetry-rank of a riemannian manifold is by definition the rank of its isometry group. We determine precisely which smooth closed manifolds admit a positively curved metric with maximal symmetry-rank.

Let $\mathrm{R}$ be a real closed field. We prove that the number of semi-algebraically connected components of a real hypersurface in $\mathrm{R}^n$ defined by a multi-affine polynomial of degree $d$ is bounded by $2^{d-1}$. This bound is…

Gromov showed that there is an upper bound on the Betti numbers of all closed Riemannian n-manifolds of nonnegative sectional curvature. Grove asked whether such manifolds (if simply connected) fall into only finitely many rational homotopy…

We prove asymptotic upper bounds for the $L^2$ Betti numbers of the locally symmetric spaces associated to a quasi-split $U(4)$. These manifolds are 8-dimensional, and we prove bounds in degrees 2 and 3, with the behaviour in the other…

We prove that if a closed hyperbolic 3-manifold M contains infinitely many totally geodesic surfaces, then M is arithmetic.

Let $G$ be a group and $g$ a non-trivial element in $G$. If some non-empty finite product of conjugates of $g$ equals to the trivial element, then $g$ is called a generalized torsion element. To the best of our knowledge, we have no…

We study separating matchings in graphs, that is, matchings whose removal increases the number of connected components, and focus on determining the maximum size of such a matching in a graph $G$, denoted by $\mathrm{mms}(G)$. We show that…

Let G be an abelian group and let lambda be the smallest rank of any group whose direct sum with a free group is isomorphic to G. If lambda is uncountable, then G has lambda pairwise disjoint, non-free subgroups. There is an example where…

We classify the orientable finite-volume hyperbolic 3-manifolds having non-empty compact totally geodesic boundary and admitting an ideal triangulation with at most four tetrahedra. We also compute the volume of all such manifolds, we…

Let $M = \mathbb{B}^2 / \Gamma$ be a smooth ball quotient of finite volume with first betti number $b_1(M)$ and let $\mathcal{E}(M) \ge 0$ be the number of cusps (i.e., topological ends) of $M$. We study the growth rates that are possible…

Let $(M^{n+1},g)$ be a closed Riemannian manifold, $n+1\geq 3$. We will prove that for all $m \in \mathbb{N}$, there exists $c^{*}(m)>0$, which depends on $g$, such that if $0<c<c^{*}(m)$, $(M,g)$ contains at least $m$ many closed $c$-CMC…

We consider arrangements of n connected codimensional one submanifolds in closed d-dimensional manifold M. Let f be the number of connected components of the complement in M to the union of submanifolds. We prove the sharp lower bound for f…

One way to define the Matching Cut problem is: Given a graph $G$, is there an edge-cut $M$ of $G$ such that $M$ is an independent set in the line graph of $G$? We propose the more general Conflict-Free Cut problem: Together with the graph…

We enumerate rooted 2-connected and 3-connected surface maps with respect to vertices and edges. We also derive the bivariate version of the large face-width result for random 3-connected maps. These results are then used to derive…