Related papers: Mathematical Structures Defined by Identities

Metabelian algebras are introduced and it is shown that an algebra $A$ is metabelian if and only if $A$ is a nilpotent algebra having the index of nilpotency at most $3$, i.e. $x y z t = 0$, for all $x$, $y$, $z$, $t \in A$. We prove that…

Abstract algebra provides a large hierarchy of properties that a collection of objects can satisfy, such as forming an abelian group or a semiring. These classifications can arranged into a broad and typically acyclic directed graph. This…

$G$ be a finite group and $A$ a $G$-graded algebra over a field $F$ of characteristic zero. We characterize the varieties of $G$-graded algebras such that the multiplicities $m_{\langle \lambda \rangle}$ appering in the $\langle n \rangle…

We investigate (2,1):1 structures, which consist of a countable set $A$ together with a function $f: A \to A$ such that for every element $x$ in $A$, $f$ maps either exactly one element or exactly two elements of $A$ to $x$. These…

Universal algebra uniformly captures various algebraic structures, by expressing them as equational theories or abstract clones. The ubiquity of algebraic structures in mathematics and related fields has given rise to several variants of…

In this paper, we revisit the problem of classifying real algebraic and semialgebraic sets by their topological types, focusing on establishing the effectiveness of bounds rather than deriving new quantitative estimates. Building on Hardt's…

Let $\mathbf{K}$ be the class of countable structures $M$ with the strong small index property and locally finite algebraicity, and $\mathbf{K}_*$ the class of $M \in \mathbf{K}$ such that $acl_M(\{ a \}) = \{ a \}$ for every $a \in M$. For…

We introduce degree n Sabinin algebras, which are defined by the polynomial identities up to degree n in a Sabinin algebra. Degree 4 Sabinin algebras can be characterized by the polynomial identities satisfied by the commutator, associator…

Consider an algebraic identity between elliptic modular graphs where several vertices are at fixed locations (and hence unintegrated) while the others are integrated over the toroidal worldsheet. At any unintegrated vertex, we can glue an…

The objective of this paper is to determine the finite dimensional, indecomposable representations of the algebra that is generated by two complex structures over the real numbers. Since the generators satisfy relations that are similar to…

Representable implication algebras are known to be axiomatised by a finite number of equations (making the representation and finite representation problems decidable here). We show that this also holds in the context of unary (and binary)…

Let $K \langle X\rangle$ be the free associative algebra freely generated over the field $K$ by the countable set $X = \{x_1, x_2, \ldots\}$. If $A$ is an associative $K$-algebra, we say that a polynomial $f(x_1,\ldots, x_n) \in K \langle…

In part 1, we review the structure theory of $\mathbb{F} S_n$, the group algebra of the symmetric group $S_n$ over a field of characteristic 0. We define the images $\psi(E^\lambda_{ij})$ of the matrix units $E^\lambda_{ij}$ ($1 \le i, j…

Classical algebraic structures require exact satisfaction of their defining axioms. We propose similarity algebra, a framework extending algebraic and Lie structures to settings where operations satisfy quantitative bounds up to a tolerance…

We introduce a transformation of finite integer sequences, show that every sequence eventually stabilizes under this transformation and that the number of fixed points is counted by the Catalan numbers. The sequences that are fixed are…

Many statistical models are algebraic in that they are defined in terms of polynomial constraints, or in terms of polynomial or rational parametrizations. The parameter spaces of such models are typically semi-algebraic subsets of the…

We study operator algebras associated to integral domains. In particular, with respect to a set of natural identities we look at the possible nonselfadjoint operator algebras which encode the ring structure of an integral domain. We show…

Let A and B be finite dimensional simple real algebras with division gradings by an abelian group G. In this paper we give necessary and sufficient conditions for the coincidence of the graded identities of A and B. We also prove that every…

In the paper we provide some polynomial identities for finite-dimensional algebras. A list of well known single polynomial identities is exposed and the classification of all $2$-dimensional algebras with respect to these identities is…

The integrability condition called shape invariance is shown to have an underlying algebraic structure and the associated Lie algebras are identified. These shape-invariance algebras transform the parameters of the potentials such as…