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The solar atmosphere is dominated by loops of magnetic flux which connect the multi-million-degree corona to the much cooler chromosphere. The temperature and density structure of quasi-static loops is determined by the continuous flow of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-07 Stephen J. Bradshaw , A. Gordon Emslie , Nicolas H. Bian , Eduard P. Kontar

The hydrologic cycle has wide impacts on the ocean salinity and circulation, carbon and nitrogen cycles, and the ecosystem. Under anthropogenic global warming, previous studies showed that the intensification of the hydrologic cycle is a…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-05-06 Jiachen Liu , Jun Yang , Feng Ding , Gang Chen , Yongyun Hu

We use a linear shallow-water model to investigate the global circulation of the atmospheres of tidally locked planets. Simulations, observations, and simple models show that if these planets are sufficiently rapidly rotating, their…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-12-26 Mark Hammond , Raymond T. Pierrehumbert

Using an idealised general circulation model, we investigate the atmospheric circulation of Earth-like terrestrial planets in a variety of orbital configurations. We relax the common assumption of the planet being tidally-locked, and look…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-12-12 James Penn , Geoffrey K Vallis

Semidiurnal atmospheric thermal tides are important for terrestrial exoplanets in the habitable zone of their host stars. With solid tides, they torque these planets, thus contributing to determine their rotation states as well as their…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-10-20 Pierre Auclair-Desrotour , Stéphane Mathis , Jacques Laskar

The three-dimensional baroclinic quasigeostrophic flow model has been widely used to study basic mechanisms in oceanic flows and climate dynamics. In this paper, we consider this flow model under random wind forcing and time-periodic…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2016-09-07 Jinqiao Duan , Bjorn Schmalfuss

Regional climate change in the $21^{st}$ century will result from the interplay between human-induced changes and internal climate variability. Competing effects from greenhouse gas warming and aerosol cooling have historically caused…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-10-02 Raphaël Hébert , Thomas Laepple

The main objective of this and its accompanying articles is to derive a mathematical theory associated with the thermohaline circulations (THC). This article provides a general transition and stability theory for the Boussinesq system,…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Tian Ma , Shouhong Wang

The evolution of the electron heat flux in the solar wind is regulated by the interplay between several effects: solar wind expansion, that can potentially drive velocity-space instabilties, turbulence and wave-particle interactions, and,…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2020-08-05 Maria Elena Innocenti , Elisabetta Boella , Anna Tenerani , Marco Velli

The mechanism that causes an interdecadal oscillation in a coarse resolution sector ocean model forced by mixed boundary conditions is studied. The oscillation is characterized by large fluctuations in convective activity and air/sea heat…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2008-02-03 G. Lenderink , R. J. Haarsma

We investigate the effects of varying Saturn's orbit on the atmospheric circulation and surface methane distribution of Titan. Using a new general circulation model of Titan's atmosphere, we simulate its climate under four characteristic…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-12-30 Juan M. Lora , Jonathan I. Lunine , Joellen L. Russell , Alexander G. Hayes

We explore the importance of meridional circulation variations in modelling the irregularities of the solar cycle by using the flux transport dynamo model. We show that a fluctuating meridional circulation can reproduce some features of the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 Bidya Binay Karak , Arnab Rai Choudhuri

The Southern Ocean plays an integral role in the global climate system, exchanging heat, salt, and carbon throughout the major ocean basins via the deep, fast-flowing Antarctic Circumpolar Current. The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2023-03-16 Michael C Denes , Shane R Keating , Gary Froyland

In hot and ultra-hot Jupiters, stellar irradiation is a primary driver of atmospheric circulation and the wave structures that sustain it. We aim to investigate how variations in radiative and dynamical timescales influence global flow…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-02 C. Akın , K. Heng , J. M. Mendonça , R. Deitrick , L. Gkouvelis

Thermal atmospheric tides can torque telluric planets away from spin-orbit synchronous rotation, as observed in the case of Venus. They thus participate to determine the possible climates and general circulations of the atmospheres of these…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-02-07 Pierre Auclair-Desrotour , Stéphane Mathis , Jacques Laskar

Atmospheric circulation on tidally-locked exoplanets is driven by the absorption and reradiation of heat from the host star. They are natural heat engines, converting heat into mechanical energy. A steady state is possible only if there is…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-11 J. Goodman

We present simulations of atmospheres of Earth-like aquaplanets that are tidally locked to their star, that is, planets whose orbital period is equal to the rotation period about their spin axis, so that one side always faces the star and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2011-03-11 Timothy M. Merlis , Tapio Schneider

The universal instability mechanism in an ascending moist air flow is theoretically proposed and analyzed. Its origin comes to the conflict between two processes: the increasing of pressure forcing applied to the boundary layer and the…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2011-06-28 Andrei Nechayev , Alexander Solovyev

The Global Overturning Circulation (GOC) is a key component of the climate system, transporting heat, carbon, and salt throughout the global ocean. Previous reduced-dimensional models have sought to represent this three-dimensional…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-10-23 Elian Vanderborght , Henk A. Dijkstra

This work is motivated by a desire to understand transitions between stable equilibria observed in Stommel's 1961 thermohaline circulation model. We adapt the model, including a forcing parameter as a dynamic slow variable. The resulting…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2017-07-11 Andrew Roberts , Raj Saha