Related papers: Powersums representing residues mod p^k, from Ferm…

The finite ring Z_k = Z(+,.) mod p^k of residue arithmetic with odd prime power modulus is analysed. The cyclic group of units G_k in Z_k(.) has order (p-1)p^{k-1}, implying product structure G_k = A_k B_k. Here core A_k of order p-1 is an…

A suggestion is put forward regarding a partial proof of FLT(case1), which is elegant and simple enough to have caused Fermat's enthusiastic remark in the margin of his Bachet edition of Diophantus' "Arithmetica". It is based on an…

Primitive roots of 1 mod p^k (k>2 and odd prime p) are sought, in cyclic units group G_k = A_k B_k mod p^k, coprime to p, of order (p-1)p^{k-1}. 'Core' subgroup A_k has order p-1 independent of k, and p+1 generates 'extension' subgroup B_k…

This is an English translation of Euler's ``Theoremata circa residua ex divisione potestatum relicta'', Novi Commentarii academiae scientiarum Petropolitanae 7 (1761), 49-82. E262 in the Enestrom index. Euler gives many elementary results…

Let $p$ be a sufficiently large prime number, $n$ be a positive odd integer with $n|\,p-1$ and $n>p^\varepsilon $, where $\varepsilon$ is a sufficiently small constant. Let $k(p,\,n)$ denote the least positive integer $k$ such that for…

Let $n$ and $k$ be positive integers, and $f_n(k)$ (resp. $g_n(k)$) be the number of unital subrings (resp. unital irreducible subrings) of $\mathbb{Z}^n$ of index $k$. The numbers $f_n(k)$ are coefficients of certain zeta functions of…

We consider the {\it noisy polynomial interpolation problem\/} of recovering an unknown $s$-sparse polynomial $f(X)$ over the ring $\mathbb Z_{p^k}$ of residues modulo $p^k$, where $p$ is a small prime and $k$ is a large integer parameter,…

Suppose that $f(x)=Ax^k$ mod $p$ is a permutation of the least residues mod $p$. With the exception of the maps $f(x)=Ax$ and $Ax^{(p+1)/2}$ mod $p$ we show that for fixed $n\geq 2$ the image of each residue class mod $n$ contains elements…

For any prime $p$, let $y(p)$ denote the smallest integer $y$ such that every reduced residue class $\pmod p$ is represented by the product of some subset of $\{1,\dots,y\}$. It is easy to see that $y(p)$ is at least as large as the…

Let $p$ be an odd prime. In this paper we investigate quadratic residues modulo $p$ and related permutations, congruences and identities. If $a_1<\ldots<a_{(p-1)/2}$ are all the quadratic residues modulo $p$ among $1,\ldots,p-1$, then the…

The concept of p-ordering for a prime p was introduced by Manjul Bhargava (in his PhD thesis) to develop a generalized factorial function over an arbitrary subset of integers. This notion of p-ordering provides a representation of…

We give a sufficient and necessary condition for a p-adic integer to have p-th root in the ring of p-adic integers. The same condition holds clearly for residues modulo p^k. We give a proof that Fermat's last theorem is false for p-adic…

Let $s_d(p,a) = \min \{k | a = \sum_{i=1}^{k}a_i^d, a_i\in \ff_p^*\}$ be the smallest number of d-th powers in the finite field F_p, sufficient to represent the number a in F_p^*. Then $$g_d(p) = max_{a in F_p^*} s_d(p,a)$$ gives an answer…

Wolstenholme's type summations involve certain powers of all residues $k$ modulo some prime number $p$. We first consider the sums of double or triple products of certain powers of all residues, e.g., the sums of the terms $(a+k)^m(b+k)^n$…

Finding an irreducible factor, of a polynomial $f(x)$ modulo a prime $p$, is not known to be in deterministic polynomial time. Though there is such a classical algorithm that {\em counts} the number of irreducible factors of $f\bmod p$. We…

We show that the existence of a non-trivial solution of $x^n+y^n=p^n$, with $p$ a prime number, is equivalent to the existence of a solution of a certain (over-determined) system of $(n-1)$-recursion relations ("zipper" equations) in…

Let P be a finite set of at least two prime numbers, and A the set of positive integers that are products of powers of primes from P. Let F(k) denote the smallest positive integer which cannot be presented as sum of less than k terms of A.…

We describe a connective $K$-theory Borsuk--Ulam/Bourgin--Yang theorem for cyclic groups of order a power of a prime $p$. Consider two finite dimensional complex representations $U$ and $V$ of the cyclic group $Z /p^{k+1}$ of order…

Let $p$ be a prime, and let $n>0$ and $r$ be integers. In this paper we study Fleck's quotient $$F_p(n,r)=(-p)^{-\lfloor(n-1)/(p-1)\rfloor} \sum_{k=r(mod p)}\binom {n}{k}(-1)^k\in Z.$$ We determine $F_p(n,r)$ mod $p$ completely by certain…

The decomposition matrix of a finite group in prime characteristic p records the multiplicities of its p-modular irreducible representations as composition factors of the reductions modulo p of its irreducible representations in…