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The fundamental properties of biquaternions (complexified quaternions) are presented including several different representations, some of them new, and definitions of fundamental operations such as the scalar and vector parts, conjugates,…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2015-06-25 Stephen J. Sangwine , Todd A. Ell , Nicolas Le Bihan

Preliminary version of a book on univariate real analysis, with 14 chapters and 2 appendices. 1. Real numbers; 2. Limits of real sequences; 3. Series; 4. Limits of real functions. 5. Elementary functions; 6. Continuous functions; 7.…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2026-04-20 Martin Klazar

We consider functions $f$ of two real variables, given as trigonometric functions over a finite set $F$ of frequencies. This set is assumed to be closed under rotations in the frequency plane of angle $\frac{2k\pi}{M}$ for some integer $M$.…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-12-02 Jean-Paul Gauthier , Dario Prandi

We present closed forms for several functions that are fundamental in number theory and we explain the method used to obtain them. Concretely, we find formulas for the p-adic valuation, the number-of-divisors function, the sum-of-divisors…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-07-19 Mihai Prunescu , Lorenzo Sauras-Altuzarra

The aim of this paper is to introduce and study the concept of a contra-semicontinuous function and further investigate the class of strongly $S$-closed spaces. We obtain some new decompositions of generalized continuous functions.

General Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Julian Dontchev , Takashi Noiri

We present a practical and powerful new framework for both unconstrained and constrained submodular function optimization based on discrete semidifferentials (sub- and super-differentials). The resulting algorithms, which repeatedly compute…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-08-13 Rishabh Iyer , Stefanie Jegelka , Jeff Bilmes

This paper presents a self-contained new theory of weak fractional differential calculus in one-dimension. The crux of this new theory is the introduction of a weak fractional derivative notion which is a natural generalization of integer…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2020-07-21 Xiaobing Feng , Mitchell Sutton

Function regression/approximation is a fundamental application of machine learning. Neural networks (NNs) can be easily trained for function regression using a sufficient number of neurons and epochs. The forward-forward learning algorithm…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Shivam Padmani , Akshay Joshi

This paper deals with some simple results about spherical functions of type $\delta$, namely new integral formulas, new results about behavior at infinity and some facts about the related $C_\sigma$ functions.

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2017-09-12 Sigurdur Helgason

We discuss non commutative functions, which naturally arise when dealing with functions of more than one matrix variable.

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2017-08-22 Jim Agler , John E. McCarthy

The goal of this paper consists of developing a new (more physical and numerical in comparison with standard and non-standard analysis approaches) point of view on Calculus with functions assuming infinite and infinitesimal values. It uses…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2012-03-20 Yaroslav D. Sergeyev

This paper presents three new families of fractional Sobolev spaces and their accompanying theory in one-dimension. The new construction and theory are based on a newly developed notion of weak fractional derivatives, which are natural…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2020-07-21 Xiaobing Feng , Mitchell Sutton

Notions of a "holomorphic" function theory for functions of a split-quaternionic variable have been of recent interest. We describe two found in the literature and show that one notion encompasses a small class of functions, while the other…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2015-06-25 John A. Emanuello , Craig A. Nolder

Recently, Chan and Wang (Fractional powers of the generating function for the partition function. Acta Arith. 187(1), 59--80 (2019)) studied the fractional powers of the generating function for the partition function and found several…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-09-07 Nayandeep Deka Baruah , Hirakjyoti Das

Partiality is a natural phenomenon in computability that we cannot get around. So, the question is whether we can give the areas where partiality occurs, that is, where non-termination happens, more structure. In this paper we consider…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-11-13 Dieter Spreen

Roughly speaking, functional analysis is the study of vector spaces of arbitrary dimension over the field of real or complex numbers, and the continuous linear mappings between such spaces. Naturally, the notion of continuity requires a…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2025-10-09 Christoph Bock

Many applications that use empirically estimated functions face a curse of dimensionality, because the integrals over most function classes must be approximated by sampling. This paper introduces a novel regression-algorithm that learns…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-03-31 Wendelin Böhmer , Klaus Obermayer

In this paper a new integral for the remainder of $\pi(x)$ is obtained. It is proved that there is an infinite set of the formulae containing miscellaneous parts of this integral.

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2011-05-26 Jan Moser

We survey old and new conjectures and results on various types of spherical maximal functions, emphasizing problems with a fractal dilation set.

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2026-05-12 Joris Roos , Andreas Seeger

We introduce a natural definition for sums of the form \[ \sum_{\nu=1}^x f(\nu) \] when the number of terms x is a rather arbitrary real or even complex number. The resulting theory includes the known interpolation of the factorial by the…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2010-03-29 Markus Mueller , Dierk Schleicher