Related papers: Linking numbers and boundaries of varieties

We study the algorithmic aspect of edge bundling. A bundled crossing in a drawing of a graph is a group of crossings between two sets of parallel edges. The bundled crossing number is the minimum number of bundled crossings that group all…

As a generalization of the linking number, we construct a set of invariant numbers for two-component handlebody-links. These numbers are elementary divisors associated with the natural homomorphism from the first homology group of a…

We establish a correspondence between trisections of smooth, compact, oriented $4$--manifolds with connected boundary and diagrams describing these trisected $4$--manifolds. Such a diagram comes in the form of a compact, oriented surface…

The eccentric connectivity index of a connected graph $G$ is the sum over all vertices $v$ of the product $d_{G}(v) e_{G}(v)$, where $d_{G}(v)$ is the degree of $v$ in $G$ and $e_{G}(v)$ is the maximum distance between $v$ and any other…

We introduce a natural-valued complexity c(X) for pairs X=(M,L), where M is a closed orientable 3-manifold and L is a link contained in M. The definition employs simple spines, but for well-behaved X's we show that c(X) equals the minimal…

We introduce characteristic numbers of a finite commutative unital $\mathbb{C}$-algebra, which are numerical invariants arising from algebraic intersection theory. We characterize Gorenstein and local complete intersection algebras in terms…

Consider any fixed graph whose edges have been randomly and independently oriented, and write $\{S \leadsto i\}$ to indicate that there is an oriented path going from a vertex $s \in S$ to vertex $i$. Narayanan (2016) proved that for any…

The construction of integer linking numbers of closed curves in a three-dimensional manifold usually appeals to the orientation of this manifold. We discuss how to avoid it constructing similar homotopy invariants of links in non-orientable…

There exist several homology theories for singular spaces that satisfy generalized Poincar\'e duality, including Goresky-MacPherson's intersection homology, Cheeger's $L^2$ cohomology and the homology of intersection spaces. The…

Let $G$ and $H$ be disjoint embeddings of complete graphs $K_m$ and $K_n$ in $\mathbb{R}^3$ such that some cycle in $G$ links a cycle in $H$ with non-zero linking number. We say that $G$ and $H$ are *weakly linked* if the absolute value of…

We denote by Conc(A) the semilattice of all finitely generated congruences of an (universal) algebra A, and we define Conc(V) as the class of all isomorphic copies of all Conc(A), for A in V, for any variety V of algebras. Let V and W be…

We prove that the Jones diameter of a link is twice its crossing number whenever the breadth of its Jones polynomial equals the difference between the crossing number and the Turaev genus. This implies that such link is adequate, as per the…

Weak and strong coloring numbers are generalizations of the degeneracy of a graph, where for each natural number $k$, we seek a vertex ordering such every vertex can (weakly respectively strongly) reach in $k$ steps only few vertices with…

To each link $L$ in $S^3$ we associate a collection of certain labelled directed trees, called width trees. We interpret some classical and new topological link invariants in terms of these width trees and show how the geometric structure…

It has been conjectured that the algebraic crossing number of a link is uniquely determined in minimal braid representation. This conjecture is true for many classes of knots and links. The Morton-Franks-Williams inequality gives a lower…

A digraph is {\bf \( k \)-linked} if for arbitary two disjoint vertex sets \(\{s_1, \ldots, s_k\}\) and \(\{t_1, \ldots, t_k\}\), there exist vertex-disjoint directed paths \(P_1, \ldots, P_k\) {such that \(P_i\) is a directed path from…

We characterize the canonical algebras such that for all dimension vectors of homogeneous modules the corresponding module varieties are complete intersections (respectively, normal). We also investigate the sets of common zeros of…

Let $X$ be a real algebraic variety with set of complex points $X_{\mathbb C}$ and set of real points $X_{\mathbb R}$. A complex slice of $X$ is a transverse intersection of $X_{\mathbb R}$ with a complex subvariety $V$ of $X_{\mathbb C}$.…

One of the goals of this paper is to prove that the index of intersection of two complex curves in a two-dimensional complex manifold tangent to each other at a common boundary point is positive. This is achieved via the construction of a…

The atom-bond connectivity (ABC) index is a degree-based molecular structure descriptor that can be used for modelling thermodynamic properties of organic chemical compounds. Motivated by its applicable potential, a series of investigations…