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For a general class of analytic $f(R,R_{\alpha\beta}R^{\alpha\beta},R_{\alpha\beta\gamma\delta}R^{\alpha\beta\gamma\delta})$ we discuss the gravitational lensing in the Newtonian Limit of theory. From the properties of Gauss Bonnet…
Of order one in 10^3 quasars and high-redshift galaxies appears in the sky as multiple images as a result of gravitational lensing by unrelated galaxies and clusters that happen to be in the foreground. While the basic phenomenon is a…
The proposed temporal fluctuations model attempt for a unitary vision on gravity, electromagnetism and inertia. On obtain Newton law of gravitation and Coulomb law by starting from simple principles. On obtain too the main results of…
We analyze the classical approximations made in "The general relativistic effects to the magnetic moment in the Earth's gravity", originally published as "Post-Newtonian effects of Dirac particle in curved spacetime - I : magnetic moment in…
A simple general relativity theory for objects moving in gravitational fields is developed based on studying the behavior of an atom in a gravitational field. The theory is applied to calculate the satellite time dilation, light deflection…
This paper contains a review of the theory and practice of gravitomagnetism, with particular attention to the different and numerous proposals which have been put forward to experimentally or observationally verify its effects. The basics…
The paper summarizes the most important effects in Einsteinian gravitomagnetic fields related to propagating light rays, moving clocks and atoms, orbiting objects, and precessing spins. Emphasis is put onto the gravitational interaction of…
The detection of gravitational waves is possible thanks to a multidisciplinary approach, involving different disciplines such as astrophysics, physics, engineering and quantum optics. Consequently, it is important today for teachers to…
Frequency-dependent gravitational lens effects are found for trajectories of electromagnetic rays passing through a distribution of plasma near a massive object. Ray propagation through plasma adds extra terms to the equations of motion…
We consider one-loop effects in general relativity which result in quantum long-range corrections to the Newton law, as well as to the gravitational spin-dependent and velocity-dependent interactions. Some contributions to these effects can…
This work places the invariant $ds^2$ at the center of the gravitational interaction, interpreting it not as a purely geometric object but as the differential of proper time, endowed with direct physical meaning. Starting from the extension…
We introduce an analogue of the theory of length spaces into the setting of Lorentzian geometry and causality theory. The r\^ole of the metric is taken over by the time separation function, in terms of which all basic notions are…
Gravitation lensing calculations, which are generally done for light ray, are extended to that for a massive particle. Many interesting results were observed. We discuss the scattering cross section along-with many consequential quantities…
The general relativistic version is developed for Robertson's discussion of the Poynting-Robertson effect that he based on special relativity and Newtonian gravity for point radiation sources like stars. The general relativistic model uses…
We study the deflection of light rays in a cold, non-magnetized plasma using the worldline framework. Starting from Synge's Hamiltonian formalism, we construct a position-space action and use it perturbatively to calculate light bending…
A new method of derivation of Lorentz Transformation (LT) is given based on both axioms of special relativity (SR) and physical intuitions. The essence of the transformation is established and the crucial role played by the presumptions is…
We review theory and applications of weak gravitational lensing. After summarising Friedmann-Lemaitre cosmological models, we present the formalism of gravitational lensing and light propagation in arbitrary space-times. We discuss how…
A generalized lens equation for weak gravitational fields in Schwarzschild metric and valid for finite distances of source and observer from the light deflecting body is suggested. The magnitude of neglected terms in the generalized lens…
According to the theory of general relativity, masses deflect light in a way similar to convex glass lenses. This gravitational lensing effect is astigmatic, giving rise to image distortions. These distortions allow to quantify cosmic…
The research shows that the Heisenberg principle is the logic results of general relativity principle. If inertia coordinator system is used, the general relativity will logically be derived from the Heisenberg principle. The intrinsic…