Related papers: Gauge fields of the matrix Dirac equation
The Standard Model of particle physics is built on the principle of local gauge symmetry. This work provides a pedagogical introduction for advanced undergraduates by using quantum electrodynamics (QED) as the simplest example of a gauge…
As an alternative to the covariant Ostrogradski method, we show that higher-derivative relativistic Lagrangian field theories can be reduced to second differential-order by writing them directly as covariant two-derivative theories…
We suggest a tensor equation on Riemannian manifolds which can be considered as a generalization of the Dirac equation for the electron. The tetrad formalism is not used. Also we suggest a new form of the tensor Dirac equation with a…
We review the construction of Lagrangians for higher spin fields of mixed symmetry in the framework of graded geometry. The main advantage of the graded formalism in this context is that it provides universal expressions, in the sense that…
Applications of the Dirac equation with an anomalous magnetic moment are considered for description of characteristics of electrons, muons and quarks. The Dirac equation with four-dimensional scalar and vector potentials is reduced to a…
We study the Poincar\'e gauge theory of gravity with the most general Lagrangian quadratic in curvature and torsion, focusing on the possible interaction of the axial torsion with the electromagnetic field. From the analysis of the closed…
Novel Lagrangians are discussed in which (non-abelian) electric and magnetic gauge fields appear on a par. To ensure that these Lagrangians describe the correct number of degrees of freedom, tensor gauge fields are included with…
The Dirac equation for an electron in an external electromagnetic field can be regarded as a singular set of linear equations for the vector potential. Radford's method of algebraically solving for the vector potential is reviewed, with…
The use of complexified quaternions and $i$-complex geometry in formulating the Dirac equation allows us to give interesting geometric interpretations hidden in the conventional matrix-based approach.
The first order form of a Maxwell theory and U(1) gauge theory in which a gauge invariant mass term appears is analyzed using the Dirac procedure. The form of the gauge transformation which leaves the action invariant is derived from the…
Based on previous work we consturct an equation (Lagrange equation) and relate it with a system of generalized integrals and differential equations in such a way to provide useful evaluations and connections between them.
We examine a covariant quantization of electromagnetic fields by using an operator derived from a constant scalar that can be called extended Lorentz gauge. The quantization can avoid an inconsistency between Lorentz gauge and a commutation…
In this article we present a detailed description of an electron in a uniform magnetic field evolving under the Schr\"odinger equation using ladder operators. Based on this analysis, we describe the same physical system using the Dirac…
This is the second paper in a series on the dynamics of matter fields in the causal set approach to quantum gravity. We start with the usual expression for the Lagrangian of a charged scalar field coupled to a SU(n) Yang-Mills field, in…
It is well-known that the equations for a simple fluid can be cast into what is called their Lagrange formulation. We introduce a notion of a generalized Lagrange formulation, which is applicable to a wide variety of systems of partial…
We employ the Dirac-like equation for the gauge field proposed by Majorana to obtain an action that is symmetric under duality transformation. We also use the equivalence between duality and chiral symmetry in this fermion-like formulation…
We systematically embed the SU(2)$\times$U(1) Higgs model in the unitary gauge into a fully gauge-invariant theory by following the generalized BFT formalism. We also suggest a novel path to get a first-class Lagrangian directly from the…
This paper is a mixture of expository material and current research material. Among new results are examples of generalised harmonic spinors and their gauged version, the generalised Seiberg-Witten equations.
We will introduce a gauge model which an electromagnetic coupling constant and local mass are related to all the charge in the universe. we will use the standard Dirac action, but where the mass and the electromagnetic coupling constant are…
This paper proposes SU(2)-gauge-invariant field equations involving interaction with a scalar field. A connection with the Dirac equation is discussed.