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It has been realized that the measurement problem of quantum mechanics is essentially the determinate-experience problem, and in order to solve the problem, the physical state representing the measurement result is required to be also the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-28 Shan Gao

The Copenhagen Interpretation describes individual systems, using the same Hilbert space formalism as does the statistical ensemble interpretation (SQM). This leads to the well-known paradoxes surrounding the Measurement Problem. We extend…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 James Ax , Simon Kochen

One of the fundamental problems of quantum statistical physics is how an ideally isolated quantum system can ever reach thermal equilibrium behavior despite the unitary time evolution of quantum-mechanical systems. Here, we study, via…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-24 Marvin Lenk , Sayak Biswas , Anna Posazhennikova , Johann Kroha

We study macroscopic observables defined as the total value of a physical quantity over a collection of quantum systems. We show that previous results obtained for infinite ensemble of identically prepared systems lead to incorrect…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 David Poulin

The conceptual problems in quantum mechanics -- related to the collapse of the wave function, the particle-wave duality, the meaning of measurement -- arise from the need to ascribe particle character to the wave function. As will be shown,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-30 Michael Danos , Tien D Kieu

Newtonian and Scrodinger dynamics can be formulated in a physically meaningful way within the same Hilbert space framework. This fact was recently used to discover an unexpected relation between classical and quantum motions that goes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-05-22 Alexey A. Kryukov

We develop a statistical model of microscopic stochastic deviation from classical mechanics based on a stochastic processes with a transition probability that is assumed to be given by an exponential distribution of infinitesimal stationary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-12-13 Agung Budiyono

Quantum measurement is a fundamental concept in the field of quantum mechanics. The action of quantum measurement, leading the superposition state of the measured quantum system into a definite output state, not only reconciles…

General Physics · Physics 2024-08-13 Wei Wen

The specific advance of this work is to propose a mechanism by which superpositions collapse during measurement of the separated subsystems of entangled quantum states. It is shown how the phase that locks together entangled states plays a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-20 Gregory D. Scholes

A quantum mechanical theory is proposed which abandons an external parameter ``time'' in favor of a self-adjoint operator on a Hilbert space whose elements represent measurement events rather than system states. The standard quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-09-29 Kim Bostroem

In quantum theory, physically measurable quantities of a microscopic system are represented by self-adjoint operators. However, not all of the self-adjoint operators correspond to measurable quantities. The superselection rule is a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-12-30 Shogo Tanimura

In this second paper, we develop the full mathematical structure of the algebra of the pseudo-observables, in order to solve the quantum measurement problem. Quantum state vectors are recovered but as auxiliary pseudo-observables storing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-21 Edoardo Piparo

For general non-classical systems, we study the different classical representations that fulfill the specific context dependence imposed by the hidden measurement system formalism introduced in quant-ph/0008061. We show that the collection…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Bob Coecke

Quantum measurement is a physical process. What physical resources and constraints does quantum mechanics require for measurement to produce the classical world we observe? Treating measurement as a fully unitary quantum process, our goal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-09 Vishal Johnson , Ashmeet Singh , Reimar Leike , Philipp Frank , Torsten Enßlin

The postulates of von Neumann and L\"uders concerning measurements in quantum mechanics are discussed and criticized in the context of a simple model proposed by Gisin. The main purpose of our paper is to analyze some mathematical aspects…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-07 Jürg Fröhlich , Zhou Gang

The Kochen-Specker (KS) theorem is a corner-stone result in the foundations of quantum mechanics describing the fundamental difference between quantum theory and classical non-contextual theories. Recently specific substructures termed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-11 Yuan Liu , Ravishankar Ramanathan , Karol Horodecki , Monika Rosicka , Paweł Horodecki

Some of the problems connected with the interpretation of quantum mechanics are enumerated, in particular those related to some well known paradoxes and, above all, to the measurement process. We then show how the so called "Physics…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-05 Luigi E. Picasso

One of the broadest concepts of measurement in quantum theory is the generalized measurement. Another paradigm of measurement--arising naturally in quantum optics, among other fields--is that of continuous-time measurements, which can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Martin Varbanov , Todd A. Brun

We propose a scheme for data-driven parameterization of unresolved dimensions of dynamical systems based on the mathematical framework of quantum mechanics and Koopman operator theory. Given a system in which some components of the state…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-08-09 David Freeman , Dimitrios Giannakis , Joanna Slawinska

In order to resolve the measurement problem of Quantum Mechanics, non-unitary time evolution has been derived from the unitarity of standard quantum formalism. New wave functions of free and non-free quantum systems follow from Schroedinger…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Pradip Kumar Chatterjee