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By exploiting the error functions of explicit symplectic integrators for solving separable Hamiltonians, I show that it is possible to develop explicit, time-reversible symplectic integrators for solving non-separable Hamiltonians of the…

Computational Physics · Physics 2009-09-25 Siu A. Chin

Explicit symplectic integrators have been important tools for accurate and efficient approximations of mechanical systems with separable Hamiltonians. For the first time, the article proposes for arbitrary Hamiltonians similar integrators,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-10-19 Molei Tao

Symplectic integration algorithms are well-suited for long-term integrations of Hamiltonian systems because they preserve the geometric structure of the Hamiltonian flow. However, this desirable property is generally lost when adaptive…

Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-20 Miguel Preto , Scott Tremaine

It has previously been shown that varying the numerical timestep during a symplectic orbital integration leads to a random walk in energy and angular momentum, destroying the phase space-conserving property of symplectic integrators. Here…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 Nathan A. Kaib , Thomas Quinn , Ramon Brasser

Symplectic integration algorithms have become popular in recent years in long-term orbital integrations because these algorithms enforce certain conservation laws that are intrinsic to Hamiltonian systems. For problems with large variations…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Man Hoi Lee , Martin J. Duncan , Harold F. Levison

We suggest a numerical integration procedure for solving the equations of motion of certain classical spin systems which preserves the underlying symplectic structure of the phase space. Such symplectic integrators have been successfully…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Robin Steinigeweg , Heinz-Jürgen Schmidt

The existence of explicit symplectic integrators for general nonseparable Hamiltonian systems is an open and important problem in both numerical analysis and computing in science and engineering, as explicit integrators are usually more…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-04-18 Lijie Mei , Xinyuan Wu , Yaolin Jiang

We show that when time-reversible symplectic algorithms are used to solve periodic motions, the energy error after one period is generally two orders higher than that of the algorithm. By use of correctable algorithms, we show that the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 S. R. Scuro , S. A. Chin

Modified Hamiltonians are used in the field of geometric numerical integration to show that symplectic schemes for Hamiltonian systems are accurate over long times. For nonlinear systems the series defining the modified Hamiltonian usually…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-11-14 Shami A Alsallami , Jitse Niesen , Frank W Nijhoff

In recent decades, there have been many attempts to construct symplectic integrators with variable time steps, with rather disappointing results. In this paper we identify the causes for this lack of performance, and find that they fall…

Computational Physics · Physics 2015-05-30 A S Richardson , J M Finn

Calculating the long term solution of ordinary differential equations, such as those of the $N$-body problem, is central to understanding a wide range of dynamics in astrophysics, from galaxy formation to planetary chaos. Because generally…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-01-23 David M. Hernandez , Edmund Bertschinger

The numerical solution of an ordinary differential equation can be interpreted as the exact solution of a nearby modified equation. Investigating the behaviour of numerical solutions by analysing the modified equation is known as backward…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-12-12 Robert I McLachlan , Christian Offen

We study the time evolution of an ideal system composed of two harmonic oscillators coupled through a quadratic Hamiltonian with arbitrary interaction strength. We solve its dynamics analytically by employing tools from symplectic geometry.…

Most numerical integration algorithms are not designed specifically for Hamiltonian systems and do not respect their characteristic properties, which include the preservation of phase space volume with time. This can lead to spurious…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 David JD Earn

Symplectic integrators evolve dynamical systems according to modified Hamiltonians whose error terms are also well-defined Hamiltonians. The error of the algorithm is the sum of each error Hamiltonian's perturbation on the exact solution.…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2008-11-26 Siu A. Chin

For trigonometric and modified trigonometric integrators applied to oscillatory Hamiltonian differential equations with one or several constant high frequencies, near-conservation of the total and oscillatory energies are shown over time…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2014-08-27 David Cohen , Ludwig Gauckler , Ernst Hairer , Christian Lubich

The symmetry analysis of Ermakov systems is extended to the generalized case where the frequency depends on the dynamical variables besides time. In this extended framework, a whole class of nonlinearly coupled oscillators are viewed as…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 J. Goedert , F. Haas

It is well-known that if a symplectic integrator is applied to a Hamiltonian system, then the modified equation, whose solutions interpolate the numerical solutions, is again Hamiltonian. We investigate this property from the variational…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-11-07 Mats Vermeeren

In previous papers, explicit symplectic integrators were designed for nonrotating black holes, such as a Schwarzschild black hole. However, they fail to work in the Kerr spacetime because not all variables can be separable, or not all…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-06-24 Xin Wu , Ying Wang , Wei Sun , Fuyao Liu

We construct a symplectic integrator for non-separable Hamiltonian systems combining an extended phase space approach of Pihajoki and the symmetric projection method. The resulting method is semiexplicit in the sense that the main time…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-03-24 Buddhika Jayawardana , Tomoki Ohsawa
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