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The split involution quantization scheme, proposed previously for pure second--class constraints only, is extended to cover the case of the presence of irreducible first--class constraints. The explicit Sp(2)--symmetry property of the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-26 I. A. Batalin , S. L. Lyakhovich , I. V. Tyutin

The necessary and sufficient conditions are established for the second-class constraint surface to be (an almost) K\"ahler manifold. The deformation quantisation for such systems is scetched resulting in the Wick-type symbols for the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-07 S. L. Lyakhovich , A. A. Sharapov

Divide-and-conquer functions satisfy equations in F(z),F(z^2),F(z^4)... Their generated sequences are mainly used in computer science, and they were analyzed pragmatically, that is, now and then a sequence was picked out for scrutiny. By…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Ralf Stephan

We propose an explicit construction of the deformation quantization of the general second-class constrained system, which is covariant with respect to local coordinates on the phase space. The approach is based on constructing the effective…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-11-18 I. A. Batalin , M. A. Grigoriev , S. L. Lyakhovich

This work addresses certain ambiguities in the Dirac approach to constrained systems. Specifically, we investigate the space of so-called ``rigging maps'' associated with Refined Algebraic Quantization, a particular realization of the Dirac…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 Domenico Giulini , Donald Marolf

We provide a simultaneous derivation of the Dirac bracket and of the equations of motion for second-class constrained systems when the constraints are time-dependent. The necessity of time-dependent gauge-fixing conditions is shown in the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-08-20 Nuno Barros e Sá

The class of finitely presented algebras over a field $K$ with a set of generators $a_{1},..., a_{n}$ and defined by homogeneous relations of the form $a_{1}a_{2}... a_{n} =a_{\sigma (a)} a_{\sigma (2)} ... a_{\sigma (n)}$, where $\sigma$…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2008-10-03 F. Cedo , E. Jespers , J. Okninksi

We describe a class calculus that is expressive enough to describe and improve its own learning process. It can design and debug programs that satisfy given input/output constraints, based on its ontology of previously learned programs. It…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-04-11 Daniel J. Buehrer

The algebra of constraints arising in the canonical quantization of N=1 supergravity in four dimensions is investigated. Using the holomorphic action, the structure functions of the algebra are given and it is shown that the algebra does…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-28 Matthias Wulf

The general Galois theory for functions and relational constraints over arbitrary sets described in the authors' previous paper is refined by imposing algebraic conditions on relations.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-02-10 Miguel Couceiro , Stephan Foldes

Path integral formulations for gauge theories must start from the canonical formulation in order to obtain the correct measure. A possible avenue to derive it is to start from the reduced phase space formulation. In this article we review…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-11-01 Muxin Han , Thomas Thiemann

We show that an unambiguous and correct quantization of the second-class constrained system of a free particle on a sphere in $D$ dimensions is possible only by converting the constraints to abelian gauge constraints, which are of first…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-30 Hagen Kleinert , Sergei V. Shabanov

We present a pseudoclassical mechanics model which exhibits gauge symmetry and time-reparametrization invariance. As such, first- and second-class constraints restrict the phase space, and the Hamiltonian weakly vanishes. We show that the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-04-07 Mauricio Valenzuela

The formulation of gravity in 3+1 dimensions in which the spin connection is the basic field ($\omega $-frame) leads to a theory with first and second class constraints. Here, the Dirac brackets for the second class constraints are…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-31 Mauricio Contreras , Jorge Zanelli

For ring of differential operators on smooth affine algebraic variety over perfect field of prime characteristic a set of algebra generators and a set of defining relations are found explicitly.

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2008-08-29 V. V. Bavula

We consider the problem of constrained motion along a conic path under a given external potential function. The model is described as a second-class system capturing the behavior of a certain class of specific quantum field theories. By…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-18 R. L. Caires , S. L. Oliveira , R. Thibes

Hamiltonian systems with functionally dependent constraints (irregular systems), for which the standard Dirac procedure is not directly applicable, are discussed. They are classified according to their behavior in the vicinity of the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-10 Olivera Miskovic , Jorge Zanelli

A Dirac Hamiltonian formulation of d-dimensional Einstein-Hilbert action in first order form, has shown that as well as secondary first class constraints, tertiary first class constraints also arise, with an unusual nonlocal Poisson bracket…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-02-06 R. N. Ghalati

The algebra of symmetric functions contains several interesting families of symmetric functions indexed by integer partitions or skew partitions. Given a sequence $\{u_n\}$ of symmetric functions taken from one of these families such that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-03-12 Velmurugan S

Canonical description of the D=10 superstring action involving supertwistor variables generalizing Penrose-Ferber supertwistors is developed. Primary and secondary constraints are identified and arranged into the first- and second-class…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-12-04 D. V. Uvarov