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We present a formalism for constructing schematic diagrams to depict chaotic three-body interactions in Newtonian gravity. This is done by decomposing each interaction in to a series of discrete transformations in energy- and angular…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-02-07 Nathan W. C. Leigh , Shalma Wegsman

We study orbits near collision in a non-autonomous restricted planar four-body problem. This restricted problem consists of a massless particle moving under the gravitational influence due to three bodies following the figure-eight…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-04-03 Abimael Bengochea , Jaime Burgos-García , Ernesto Pérez-Chavela

We present a numerical study on the stability of the 1/2, 2/1 and 1/1 retrograde mean motion resonances in the 3-body problem composed of a solar mass star, a Jupiter mass planet and an additional body with zero mass (elliptic restricted…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-06-15 G. A. Caritá , A. C. Signor , M. H. M. Morais

The free fall of three particles under Newtonian attraction allows to illustrate some of the complexities of the general three body problem. The total collapse or singularity that occurs when starting from one of the five central…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2011-03-21 Frank Janssens

The primary goal of skeletal motion prediction is to generate future motion by observing a sequence of 3D skeletons. A key challenge in motion prediction is the fact that a motion can often be performed in several different ways, with each…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-18 Junfeng Hu , Zhencheng Fan , Jun Liao , Li Liu

In most books the Delaunay and Lagrange equations for the orbital elements are derived by the Hamilton-Jacobi method: one begins with the 2-body Hamilton equations, performs a canonical transformation to the orbital elements, and obtains…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Michael Efroimsky , Peter Goldreich

The Lagrangian, the Hamiltonian and the constant of motion of the gravitational attraction of two bodies when one of them has variable mass is considered. The relative and center of mass coordinates are not separated, and choosing the…

Classical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Gustavo Lopez

The restricted three-body problem describes the motion of a massless particle under the influence of two primaries of masses $1-\mu$ and $\mu$ that circle each other with period equal to $2\pi$. For small $\mu$, a resonant periodic motion…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2014-08-28 D. Viswanath

The conservation of energy, linear momentum and angular momentum are important drivers for our physical understanding of the evolution of the Universe. These quantities are also conserved in Newton's laws of motion under gravity…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 Simon Portegies Zwart , Tjarda Boekholt

The restricted (equilateral) four-body problem consists of three bodies of masses m1, m2 and m3 (called primaries) lying in a Lagrangian configuration of the three-body problem i.e., they remain fixed at the apices of an equilateral…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2015-06-05 Jaime Burgos-García , Joaquín Delgado

I present conditions for compatibility of velocities, conservation of mass, and balance of momentum and energy across moving discontinuities in inextensible strings and sheets of uniform mass density. The balances are derived from an action…

Classical Physics · Physics 2015-04-29 J. A. Hanna

We consider the classical three-body problem with an arbitrary pair potential which depends on the inter-body distance. A general three-body configuration is set by three "radial" and three angular variables, which determine the shape and…

Classical Physics · Physics 2019-07-16 Michele Castellana

We consider a restricted $(N+1)$-body problem, with $N \geq 3$ and homogeneous potentials of degree $-\a<0$, $\a \in [1,2)$. We prove the existence of infinitely many collision-free periodic solutions with negative and small Jacobi constant…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2013-09-17 Nicola Soave

We study four problems in the dynamics of a body moving about a fixed point, providing a non-complex, analytical solution for all of them. For the first two, we will work on the motion first integrals. For the symmetrical heavy body, that…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2018-06-13 Giovanni Mingari Scarpello , Daniele Ritelli

This work investigates different models of rotational dynamics of two rigid bodies with the shape of an ellipsoid, moving under their gravitational influence. The focus of this study is on their behavior, their linear stability, and…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-10-28 Adrián P. Bustamante , Alessandra Celletti , Christoph Lhotka

Orbital motion of a body can be found from Newtonian equation of motion. However, it is useful to express the motion through time derivatives of Keplerian orbital elements, mainly if the motion is perturbed by small perturbing force. The…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2009-07-27 P. Pastor

Inertial motion is considered in the plane of events characterized by the homogeneous Lorentz group L. On the basis of this group, a set of inertial movements and its decomposition into sets which are disconnected from one another with…

General Physics · Physics 2014-03-07 Isaac Vagner

We present a variational approach to obtain periodic solutions of the $N$-body problem, in particular the 'figure-eight' solution for three equal masses. The central idea is to explicitly optimize the \emph{spatial scale} within the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-11-24 Juan Manuel Sánchez-Cerritos , Mayte Torres-Hernández

We study the motion of solitary-wave solutions of a family of focusing generalized nonlinear Schroedinger equations with a confining, slowly varying external potential, $V(x)$. A Lyapunov-Schmidt decomposition of the solution combined with…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-08-11 B. L. G. Jonsson , J. Froehlich , S. Gustafson , I. M. Sigal

A general definition of energy is given, via the N\"other theorem, for the N-body problem in (1+1) dimensional gravity. Within a first-order Lagrangian framework, the density of energy of a solution relative to a background is identified…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 R. B. Mann , G. Potvin , M. Raiteri