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I explain an open conjecture by Braverman/Milatovic/Shubin (BMS) on the positivity of square integrable solutions $f$ of $(-\Delta+1)f\geq 0$ on a geodescially complete Riemannian manifold, and its connection to essential self-adjointness…

Let $\Om$ be a Borel subset of $S^\Bbb N$ where $S$ is countable. A measure is called exchangeable on $\Om$, if it is supported on $\Om$ and is invariant under every Borel automorphism of $\Om$ which permutes at most finitely many…

We first prove that the Legendre transform is the only continuous and $\mathrm{SL}(n)$ contravariant valuation that behaves as a conjugation of two important translations on super-coercive, lower semi-continuous, and convex functions. Then…

The twin prime conjecture asserts that there are infinitely many pairs of primes that differ by two. While recent advances have improved our understanding of bounded prime gaps, the conjecture remains unresolved. This paper refines the…

An analogue of the Berry-Esseen inequality is proved for the speed of convergence of free additive convolutions of bounded probability measures. The obtained rate of convergence is of the order n^{-1/2}, the same as in the classical case.…

The expansion exponent (or expansion constant) for maps was introduced by Schreiber in \cite{s}. In this paper, we introduce the analogous exponent for measures. We shall prove the following results: The expansion exponent of a measurable…

We study a large-scale one-sided multiple testing problem in which test statistics follow normal distributions with unit variance, and the goal is to identify signals with positive mean effects. A conventional approach is to compute…

We prove that a symmetric nonnegative function of two variables on a Lebesgue space that satisfies the triangle inequality for almost all triples of points is equivalent to some semimetric. Some other properties of metric triples (spaces…

We revisit and prove some convexity inequalities for trace functions conjectured in the earlier part I. The main functional considered is \Phi_{p,q}(A_1,A_2,...,A_m) = (trace((\sum_{j=1}^m A_j^p)^{q/p}))^{1/q} for m positive definite…

Fillmore Theorem says that if A is an nxn complex non-scalar matrix and {\gamma}_1,...,{\gamma}_{n} are complex numbers with {\gamma}_1+...+{\gamma}_{n}=trA, then there exists a matrix B similar to A with diagonal entries…

We will prove that for every $m\geq 0$ there exists an $\varepsilon=\varepsilon(m)>0$ such that if $0<\lambda<\varepsilon$ and $x$ is sufficiently large in terms of $m$ and $\lambda$, then $$|\lbrace n\leq x: |[n,n+\lambda\log n]\cap…

Let $F$ be a totally real field and $K$ a finite abelian CM extension of $F$. Using class field theory, we show that our previous result giving a strong form of the Brumer-Stark conjecture implies the minus part of the equivariant Tamagawa…

The polynomial Fre\u{\i}man--Ruzsa conjecture is a fundamental open question in additive combinatorics. However, over the integers (or more generally $\mathbb{R}^d$ or $\mathbb{Z}^d$) the optimal formulation has not been fully pinned down.…

For the observed t --> W b decay, an intensity-ratio equivalence-theorem for two Lorentz-invariant couplings is shown to be related to symmetries of tWb-transformations. Three explicit tWb-transformations, A_{+}=M A_{SM}, ... relate the…

A distinctive problem of harmonic analysis on $\R$ with respect to a Borel probability measure $\mu$ is identifying all $t\in\R$ such that both \[\left\{e^{-2\pi i\lambda x}: \lambda\in\Lambda\right\}\quad\text{and}\quad \left\{e^{-2\pi…

Let $p$ be a polynomial in several non-commuting variables with coefficients in a field $K$ of arbitrary characteristic. It has been conjectured that for any $n$, for $p$ multilinear, the image of $p$ evaluated on the set $M_n(K)$ of $n$ by…

The generalized labeled multi-Bernoulli (GLMB) is a family of tractable models that alleviates the limitations of the Poisson family in dynamic Bayesian inference of point processes. In this paper, we derive closed form expressions for the…

The Bou\'e-Dupuis variational formula gives a representation for log Laplace transforms of bounded measurable functions of a finite dimensional Brownian motion on a compact time interval as an infimum of a suitable cost over a collection of…

In this paper we prove three conjectures on congruences involving central binomial coefficients or Lucas sequences. Let $p$ be an odd prime and let $a$ be a positive integer. We show that if $p\equiv 1\pmod{4}$ or $a>1$ then $$…

The Merino-Welsh conjectures say that subject to conditions, there is an inequality among the Tutte-polynomial evaluations $T(M;2,0)$, $T(M;0,2)$, and $T(M;1,1)$. We present three results on a Merino-Welsh conjecture. These results are…