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We present variational characterizations of frozen planet orbits for the helium atom in the Lagrangian and the Hamiltonian picture. They are based on a Levi-Civita regularization with different time reparametrizations for the two electrons…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2025-12-04 Kai Cieliebak , Urs Frauenfelder , Evgeny Volkov

We study the classical planar two-center problem of a particle $m$ subjected to harmonic-like interactions with two fixed centers. For convenient values of the dimensionless parameter of this problem we use the averaging theory for showing…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2024-11-18 A. M. Escobar Ruiz , L. Jiménez-Lara , J. Llibre , Marco A. Zurita

The Lambert problem is to determine the gravitational orbit between two points that has a specified time of flight, allowing the second point to be a moving target such as a satellite. After a review of gravitational orbits, a solution of…

Classical Physics · Physics 2022-03-02 Ian R Gatland

We analyze the stability of two charged conducting spheres orbiting each other. Due to charge polarization, the electrostatic force between the two spheres deviates significantly from $1/r^2$ as they come close to each other. As a…

Classical Physics · Physics 2009-06-30 Shubho Banerjee , Bradford Taylor , Anand Banerjee

In this paper, we investigate collision orbits of two identical bodies placed on the surface of a two-dimensional sphere and interacting via an attracting potential of the form $V(q)=-\cot(q)$, where $q$ is the angle formed by the position…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2023-09-11 Alessandro Arsie , Nataliya A. Balabanova

Perturbations of satellite orbits in the gravitational field of a body with a mass monopole and arbitrary spin multipole moments are considered for an axisymmetric and stationary situation. Periodic and secular effects caused by the central…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-23 J. Meichsner , M. H. Soffel

In this paper, we consider a time-periodically forced Kepler problem in any dimensions, with an external force which we only assume to be regular in a neighborhood of the attractive center. We prove that there exist infinitely many periodic…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2020-10-30 Lei Zhao

In the mathematical framework of a restricted, slightly dissipative spin-orbit model, we prove the existence of periodic orbits for astronomical parameter values corresponding to all satellites of the Solar system observed in exact…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2015-06-18 Francesco Antognini , Luigi Chierchia , Luca Biasco

A trajectory isomorphism between the two Newtonian fixed center problem in the sphere and two associated planar two fixed center problems is constructed by performing two simultaneous gnomonic projections in $S^2$. This isomorphism converts…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2017-10-03 M. A. Gonzalez Leon , J. Mateos Guilarte , M. de la Torre Mayado

We study the dynamics of two homogeneous rigid ellipsoids subject to their mutual gravitational influence. We assume that the spin axis of each ellipsoid coincides with its shortest physical axis and is perpendicular to the orbital plane.…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-09-28 Alessandra Celletti , Joan Gimeno , Mauricio Misquero

Satellites around large asteroids are preferentially found among those with the most rapid rotation and elongated shape. The taxonomic statistics are similarly skewed; in total, 13 asteroids larger than 100 km are known to have satellites,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-07 Kevin J. Walsh , Ronald-Louis Ballouz , Harrison F. Agrusa , Josef Hanus , Martin Jutzi , Patrick Michel

The recent discovery of rings and massive satellites around minor bodies and dwarf planets suggests that they may often coexist, as for example around Haumea. A ring perturbed by an oblate central body and by an inclined satellite may…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-04 Francesco Marzari

Pluto's system of 5 known satellites are in a puzzling orbital configuration. Each of the four small satellites are on low-eccentricity and low-inclination orbits situated near a mean motion resonance with the largest satellite Charon. The…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-07 Kevin J. Walsh , Harold F. Levison

The significant orbital eccentricities of most giant extrasolar planets may have their origin in the gravitational dynamics of initially unstable multiple planet systems. In this work, we explore the dynamics of two close planets on…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Dimitri Veras , Philip J. Armitage

The partial case of the planar $N+1$ body problem, $N\ge2$, of the type of planetary system with satellites is studied. One of the bodies (the Sun) is assumed to be much heavier than the other bodies ("planets" and "satellites"), moreover…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2020-01-15 Elena A. Kudryavtseva

We prove the existence of periodic orbits of the two fixed centers problem bifurcating from the Kepler problem. We provide the analytical expressions of these periodic orbits when the mass parameter of the system is sufficiently small.

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2020-08-06 Fabao Gao , Jaume Llibre

Since the mid 70ies it is known that the dwarf galaxies around the Milky Way are arranged in a thin, polar structure. The arrangement and motion within this structure has been identified as a severe challenge to the standard model of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-04-27 Oliver Müller

You have a satellite spacecraft or asteroid that moves under the gravitational influence of a massive central body and follows a Keplerian orbit around it ellipse parabola or hyperbola Given measurements of two positions in its orbit what…

Physics Education · Physics 2025-08-06 Philip R. Blanco

In this article, equilibrium points and families of periodic orbits in the vicinity of the collinear equilibrium points of a binary asteroid system are investigated with respect to the angular velocity of the secondary body, the mass ratio…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-07-26 L. B. T. Santos , Allan Kardec de Almeida , P. A. Sousa-Silva , M. O. Terra , D. M. Sanchez , S. Aljbaae , A. F. B. A. Prado , F Monteiro

This article presents a Hamilton--Jacobi (HJ) reachability framework for a two--satellite collision avoidance problem operating in the same circular orbit, where relative motion is modeled in the radial--tangential--normal (RTN) frame using…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Larry Hui , Jordan Kam , William Su , Jianshu Zhou