Related papers: Sewing string tree vertices with ghosts
In this paper, we study the form over the minimum spanning tree problem (MST) from which we will derive an intuitively generalized model and new methods with the upper bound of runtimes of logarithm. The new pattern we made has taken…
A simple and computationally efficient scheme for tree-structured vector quantization is presented. Unlike previous methods, its quantization error depends only on the intrinsic dimension of the data distribution, rather than the apparent…
The possible tensor constructions of open string theories are analyzed from first principles. To this end the algebraic framework of open string field theory is clarified, including the role of the homotopy associative A_\infty algebra, the…
In general bosonic closed string backgrounds the ghost-dilaton is not the only state in the semi-relative BRST cohomology that can change the dimensionless string coupling. This fact is used to establish complete dilaton theorems in closed…
There are numerous randomized algorithms to generate spanning trees in a given ambient graph; several target the uniform distribution on trees (UST), while in practice the fastest and most frequently used draw random weights on the edges…
It has been shown that the massless irreducible representations of the Poincar\'e group with continuous spin can be obtained from a classical point particle action which admits a generalization to a conformally invariant string action. The…
Algorithms to find optimal alignments among strings, or to find a parsimonious summary of a collection of strings, are well studied in a variety of contexts, addressing a wide range of interesting applications. In this paper, we consider…
This paper is primarily devoted to the ghost wedge states in string field theory formulated with the oscillator formalism. Our aim is to prove, using such formalism, that the wedge states can be expressed as |n> = exp[{2-n}/2 ({\cal…
We study string theory on singular Z_N quotients of AdS_3, corresponding to spaces with conical defects. The spectrum is computed using the orbifold procedure. It is shown that spectral flow may be used to generate the twisted sectors. We…
Tachyon condensation in quantum field theory (QFT) plays a central role in models of fundamental interactions and cosmology. Inspired by tower truncation in string field theory, ultraviolet completions were proposed with infinite-derivative…
We consider growing random recursive trees in random environment, in which at each step a new vertex is attached (by an edge of a random length) to an existing tree vertex according to a probability distribution that assigns the tree…
An action for the ten-dimensional Green-Schwarz superstring with N=2 worldsheet superconformal invariance has recently been used to calculate superstring scattering amplitudes and prove their finiteness. In this paper, it is shown that the…
Minimum spanning trees (MSTs) provide a convenient representation of datasets in numerous pattern recognition activities. Moreover, they are relatively fast to compute. In this paper, we quantify the extent to which they are meaningful in…
Superstrings and topological strings with supermanifolds as target space play a central role in the recent developments in string theory. Nevertheless the rules for higher-genus computations are still unclear or guessed in analogy with…
Correspondence imaging can achieve positive-negative ghost images by just conditional averaging of partial patterns, without treating bucket intensities as weights. To explain its imaging mechanism, we develop a probability theory assuming…
The paper is devoted to a description of quantum group structures in the geometric quantization of a self-interacting string field, which appear under a transition from a tree-level of the theory to the account of loop effects in…
The existence of a ground ring of ghost number zero operators in the chiral BRST cohomology of the N=2 string is used to derive an infinite set of Ward identities for the closed-string scattering amplitudes at arbitrary genus. These…
We introduce and study a new notion of patterns in Stirling and $k$-Stirling permutations, which we call block patterns. We prove a general result which allows us to compute generating functions for the occurrences of various block patterns…
We analyze the new states that have recently been discovered in 2D string theory by E. Witten and B. Zwiebach. Since the Liouville direction is uncompactified, we show that the deformations by the new ghost number two states generate…
We illustrate a method for computing the number of physical states of open string theory at the stable tachyonic vacuum in level truncation approximation. The method is based on the analysis of the gauge-fixed open string field theory…