Related papers: Topological gauge invariant variables in QCD
The Loop Variable method that has been developed for the U(1) bosonic open string is generalized to include non-Abelian gauge invariance by incorporating "Chan-Paton" gauge group indices. The scale transformation symmetry $k(s) \to k(s)…
Variational calculations using Gaussian wave functionals combined with an approximate projection on gauge invariant states are presented. We find that the energy exhibits a minimum for a wave functional centered around a non vanishing…
We study the consistency of the non-Abelian Coulomb gauge. There are energy divergences in individual diagrams, which are known to cancel at 2-loop order when suitable sets of diagrams are summed. We investigate to 3-loop order the…
Five dimensional dilaton models are considered as possible holographic duals of the pure gauge QCD vacuum. In the framework of these models, the QCD trace anomaly equation is considered. Each quantity appearing in that equation is computed…
Physical systems may couple to other systems through variables that are not gauge invariant. When we split a gauge system into two subsystems, the gauge-invariant variables of the two subsystems have less information than the gauge…
When Abelian monopoles due to violation of the non-Abelian Bianchi identity J{\mu}(x) condense in the vacuum, color confinement of QCD is realized by the Abelian dual Meissner effect. Moreover VNABI affects also topological features of QCD.…
A non-abelian ``self-dual'' massive gauge theory describing a massive spin one physical mode is presented. The action is expressed in terms of two independent connections on a principle bundle over $2+1$ space-time. The kinetic terms are…
Although axial QED suffers from a gauge anomaly, gauge invariance may be maintained by the addition of a nonlocal counterterm. Such nonlocal conterterms, however, are expected to ruin unitarity of the theory. We explicitly investigate some…
In axion-Maxwell theory at the minimal axion-photon coupling, we find non-invertible 0- and 1-form global symmetries arising from the naive shift and center symmetries. Since the Gauss law is anomalous, there is no conserved,…
This work studies the relationship between gauge-invariant and non gauge-invariant abelian vector models. Following a technique introduced by Harada and Tsutsui, we show that the Proca and the Chiral Schwinger models may both be viewed as…
The mathematical structure of the temporal gauge of QED is critically examined in both the alternative formulations characterized by either positivity or regularity of the Weyl algebra. The conflict between time translation invariance and…
Quantum field theory is assumed to be gauge invariant. However it is well known that when certain quantities are calculated using perturbation theory the results are not gauge invariant. The non-gauge invariant terms have to be removed in…
Using the exact renormalization group (ERG) formalism, we study the gauge invariant composite operators in QED. Gauge invariant composite operators are introduced as infinitesimal changes of the gauge invariant Wilson action. We examine the…
We evaluate gauge invariants (vacuum energy and gauge invariant overlap) for numerical classical solutions in cubic open string field theory under Asano-Kato's $a$-gauge fixing condition. We propose an efficient iterative procedure for…
The issue is the expediency of the QCD notions use in the low energy region down to the confinement scale, and, in particular, the efficacy of the QCD invariant coupling \bar{\alpha}_s(Q^2) with a minimal analytic modification in this…
We show that both abelian and non-abelian gauge theories admit configurations in which the fields behave as if in the presence of static charge densities, or ``shadow charges". These correspond to nontrivial initial conditions for the…
We use the theory of dynamical invariants to yield a simple derivation of noncyclic analogues of the Abelian and non-Abelian geometric phases. This derivation relies only on the principle of gauge invariance and elucidates the existing…
We consider the noncommutative deformation of the finite temperature holographic QCD (Sakai--Sugimoto) model in external electric and magnetic field and evaluate the effect of the noncommutaivity on the properties of the conductor-insulator…
It is shown that the creation of a monopole is a gauge invariant statement, based on topology. Creating a monopole is independent on the abelian projection in which it is created. This is fundamental in defining an order parameter for…
It is shown that space-time dependent gauge couplings do not completely break gauge invariance. We demonstrate this in various gauge theories.