Related papers: Conformality and Gauge Coupling Unification
In this article I first give an abbreviated history of string theory and then describe the recently-conjectured field-string duality. This suggests a class of nonsupersymmetric gauge theories which are conformal (CGT) to leading order of…
The possibility that non-supersymmetric conformal field theories softly broken below 100 TeV may provide an alternative to conventional grand unification is explored. We consider a low energy theory presumed to be of this type arising from…
We calculate the gauge couplings in the dual standard model. These values are consistent with an associated GeV mass scale, and predict the weak mixing angle to be ${\sin^2 \theta_w} (M_Z) \sim 0.22$.
We analyze approaches to the partial or complete unification of gauge symmetries in theories with dynamical symmetry breaking. Several types of models are considered, including those that (i) involve sufficient unification to quantize…
We study the evolution of the gauge coupling constants in string unification schemes in which the light spectrum below the compactification scale is exactly that of the minimal supersymmetric standard model. In the absence of string…
It is shown how an $SU(3)^{N}$ nonsupersymmetric quiver gauge theory can accommodate the standard model with three chiral families and unify all of $SU(3)_C$, $SU(2)_L$ and $U(1)_Y$ couplings with high accuracy at one unique scale estimated…
In the superstring models we have not only the complete {\bf 27} multiplets of $E_6$ but also extra incomplete $({\bf 27}+{\overline {\bf 27}})$ chiral supermultiplets being alive at low energies. Associated with these additional…
We study the low energy evolution of coupling constants of the standard model and show that gauge coupling unification can be achieved at the electroweak scale with a suitable normalization. We choose the grand unification group to be the…
If the standard model is embedded in a conformal theory, what is the simplest possibility? We analyse all abelian orbifolds for discrete symmetry $Z_p$ with $p \leq 7$, and find that the simplest such theory is indeed $SU(3)^7$. Such a…
This is a pedagogical review article surveying the various approaches towards understanding gauge coupling unification within string theory. As is well known, one of the major problems confronting string phenomenology has been an apparent…
The condition of unification of gauge couplings in the minimal supersymmetric standard model provides successful predictions for the weak mixing angle as a function of the strong gauge coupling and the supersymmetric threshold scale. In…
We consider gauge coupling unification in models with TeV scale strings and large compact dimensions realized as type IIB string orientifolds. Following an observation by Ibanez we show that the gauge couplings at low energies can behave as…
We argue that in the two-loop approximation gauge coupling unification in the exceptional supersymmetric standard model can be achieved for any phenomenologically reasonable value of strong gauge coupling at the electroweak scale consistent…
We classify ${\cal N}=1$ gauge theories with simple gauge groups in four dimensions which possess a conformal manifold passing through weak coupling. A very rich variety of models is found once one allows for arbitrary representations under…
We study the gauge coupling unification of the minimal supersymmetric standard model with non-universal soft scalar and gaugino masses. The unification scale of the gauge couplings is estimated for non-universal cases. It is sensitive to…
We estimate the significance of the prediction for the gauge couplings in the MSSM with an underlying unification. The correlation between the couplings covers only (0.2-2)% of the a priori reasonable region of the parameter space, while…
The unification of gauge couplings suggests that there is an underlying (supersymmetric) unification of the strong, electromagnetic and weak interactions. The prediction of the unification scale may be the first quantitative indication that…
We show that contrary to first expectations realistic three generation supersymmetric intersecting brane world models give rise to phenomenologically interesting predictions about gauge coupling unification. Assuming the most economical way…
The three theoretical and historical components of the Standard Model are the exact chiral gauge theory of weak interactions, electroweak unification, and the Higgs mechanism for spontaneous symmetry breaking. I put into historical…
In a short review of recent work, we discuss the general problem of constructing the actions of new conformal field theories from old conformal field theories. Such a construction follows when the old conformal field theory admits new…