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It is shown that an effective theory with meron degrees of freedom produces confinement in SU(2) Yang Mills theory. This effective theory is compatible with center symmetry. When the scale is set by the string tension, the action density…

These notes give a pedagogical introduction to D-branes and Matrix theory. The development of the material is based on super Yang-Mills theory, which is the low-energy field theory describing multiple D-branes. The main goal of these notes…

By making use of the background field method, we derive a novel reformulation of the Yang-Mills theory which was proposed recently by the author to derive quark confinement in QCD. This reformulation identifies the Yang-Mills theory with a…

In this note we discuss the wave functional approach to the spectrum of pure Yang-Mills theory in 2+1 and 3+1 dimensions by highlighting the issues of dynamical mass generation and the role played by the kinetic term. We extrapolate our…

We find aspects of electrically confining large $N$ Yang-Mills theories on $T^2 \times R^{d-2}$ which are consistent with a $GL(2,Z)$ duality. The modular parameter associated with this $GL(2,Z)$ is given by ${m\over N} + i\Lambda^2 A$,…

In generalized Yang-Mills theories scalar fields can be gauged just as vector fields in a usual Yang-Mills theory, albeit it is done in the spinorial representation. The presentation of these theories is aesthetic in the following sense: A…

We show that every twist of pure supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory with gauge group GL(N) can be realized as an open-string field theory in topological string theory. Our approach reinterprets twists of supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory as…

It is known that YM_2 with gauge group SU(N) is equivalent to a string theory with coupling g_s=1/N, order by order in the 1/N expansion. We show how this results can be obtained from the bosonization of the fermionic formulation of YM_2,…

It has been proposed recently that, in the framework of M(atrix) theory, N=8 supersymmetric U(N) Yang-Mills theory in 1+1 dimensions gives rise to type IIA long string configurations. We point out that the quantum moduli space of…

We show that to cubic order double field theory is encoded in Yang-Mills theory. To this end we use algebraic structures from string field theory as follows: The $L_{\infty}$-algebra of Yang-Mills theory is the tensor product ${\cal…

A surface of codimension higher than one embedded in an ambient space possesses a connection associated with the rotational freedom of its normal vector fields. We examine the Yang-Mills functional associated with this connection. The…

We generalize the Gervais-Neveu gauge to four-dimensional N=1 superspace. The model describes an N=2 super Yang-Mills theory. All chiral superfields (N=2 matter and ghost multiplets) exactly cancel to all loops. The remaining hermitian…

We review the application of bosonic string techniques to the calculation of renormalization constants and effective actions in Yang-Mills theory. We display the multiloop string formulas needed to compute Yang-Mills amplitudes, and we…

Yang--Mills theories in four space-time dimensions possess a hidden symmetry which does not exhibit itself as a symmetry of classical Lagrangians but is only revealed on the quantum level. It turns out that the effective Yang--Mills…

We describe a novel double scaling limit of large N Yang-Mills theory on a two-dimensional torus and its relation to the geometry of the principal moduli spaces of holomorphic differentials.

The partition function of Euclidean Yang-Mills theory on two dimensional surfaces is given by the Migdal formula. It involves the area and topological characteristics of the surface. We consider this theory on a class of infinite genus…

We study the pressure, $P$, of SU($N$) gauge theory on a two-dimensional torus as a function of area, $A=l/t$. We find a cross-over scale that separates the system on a large circle from a system on a small circle at any finite temperature.…

We introduce a $N_c\times N_c$ matrix model with $\mathcal{N}=2$ supersymmetries and show its relation to the topological rigid string and the topological YM$_2$. This allows to connect the latter two theories directly. Moreover the…

We describe some recent progress in understanding and formulating string theory which is based on extensive studies of strings in lower (D=2) dimension. At the center is a large $W_{\infty}$ symmetry that appears most simply in the matrix…

The logarithmic broadening predicted by the systematic low-energy effective field theory for the confining string has recently been verified in numerical simulations of (2+1)-d SU(2) lattice Yang-Mills theory at zero temperature. The same…