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I give an overview on experimental studies of the spectrum and the structure of the excited states of the nucleon and what we can learn about their internal structure. One focus is on the efforts to obtain a more complete picture of the…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2019-12-25 Volker D. Burkert

In this paper we study a (1+1)-dimensional version of the famous Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD2) both at zero and finite hadron density. We use non-perturbative techniques (non-Abelian bosonization and Truncated…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-08-10 P. Azaria , R. M. Konik , Ph. Lecheminant , T. Palmai , G. Takacs , A. M. Tsvelik

Quantum Chromodynamics, the theory of strong interactions, predicts several types of bound states. Among them are mesons ($q\bar{q}$) and baryons ($qqq$), which have been the only states observed in experiments for years. However, in the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-11-03 Jorge Segovia

After decades of painstaking research, the field of heavy ion physics has reached an exciting new era. Evidence is mounting that we can create a high temperature, high density, strongly interacting ``bulk matter'' state in the laboratory --…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2017-08-23 Mark D. Baker

Quantum chromodynamics (QCD) is the theory of strong interactions of quarks and gluons collectively called partons, the basic constituents of all nuclear matter. Its non-abelian character manifests in nature in the form of two remarkable…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-08-24 Astrid Morreale , Farid Salazar

The changes of hadron properties within strongly interacting matter provide a link between experimental observables and Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) in the non-pertubative sector. The sensitivity of various observables to in-medium…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2012-04-16 Mariana Nanova

The calculation of the spectrum of QCD is key to an understanding of the strong interactions, and vital if we are to capitalize on the experimental study of the spectrum. In this paper, we describe progress towards understanding the…

High energy strong interaction physics is successfully described by the local renormalizable gauge theory called Quantum-Chromo-Dynamics (QCD) with quarks and gluons as ``elementary'' degrees of freedom, while intermediate energy strong…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 F. Kleefeld

Color transparency is the proposal that under certain circumstances the strong interactions can be reduced in magnitude. We give a comprehensive review of the physics, which hinges on the interface of perturbative QCD with non--perturbative…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-09-25 Pankaj Jain , Bernard Pire , John P. Ralston

Nonperturbative QCD approach is systematically derived starting from the QCD Lagrangian. Treating spin effects as a perturbation, one obtains the universal effective Hamiltonian describing mesons, hybrids and glueballs. Constituent mass of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 Yu. A. Simonov

The relevance of PT symmetry to quantum chromodynamics (QCD), the gauge theory of the strong interactions, is explored in the context of finite temperature and density. Two significant problems in QCD are studied: the sign problem of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-04-17 Michael C. Ogilvie , Peter N. Meisinger

We present a unified Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD)-based description of elastic and transition electromagnetic form factors involving the nucleon and its resonances. We compare predictions made using a framework built upon a Faddeev equation…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2018-07-04 Jorge Segovia

Non-perturbative studies of the thermodynamics of strongly interacting elementary particles within the context of lattice regularized QCD are being reviewed. After a short introduction into thermal QCD on the lattice we report on the…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2007-05-23 F. Karsch , E. Laermann

We survey results in lattice quantum chromodynamics from groups in the USQCD Collaboration. The main focus is on physics, but many aspects of the discussion are aimed at an audience of computational physicists.

Computational Physics · Physics 2008-11-26 Andreas S. Kronfeld

The aim of ultrarelativistic heavy ion physics is to study collectivity and thermodynamics of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) by creating a transient small volume of matter with extreme density and temperature. There is experimental evidence…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2010-12-02 Thorsten Renk

It may be possible to derive a constituent approximation for bound states in QCD using hamiltonian light-front field theory. Cutoffs that violate explicit gauge invariance and Lorentz covariance must be employed. A similarity…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 Robert J. Perry

The strong interaction is the fundamental force that holds quarks and the gluon force carriers together to form protons and neutrons and also binds the atomic nucleus. The theory governing quark-gluon interactions is Quantum Chromodynamics…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-05-04 Xiangdong Ji , Gerald A. Miller , Chen Yang

Strongly interacting matter exhibits new phases under extreme conditions. Matter was exposed to such extremes not only in the Early Universe, but also today in the cores of neutron stars, as well as in laboratory experiments at a much…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2025-12-10 Szabolcs Borsanyi , Paolo Parotto

We review the current methods and results of lattice simulations of quantum chromodynamics at nonzero temperatures and densities. The review is intended to introduce the subject to interested nonspecialists and beginners. It includes a…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2009-07-24 C. E. DeTar , U. M. Heller

The aim of these lectures is to convey a working knowledge of Light Front Holographic QCD and Supersymmetric Light Front Holographic QCD. We first give an overview of holographic QCD in general and then concentrate on the application of the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-01-03 Liping Zou , H. G. Dosch