Related papers: Free strings in non-critical dimensions
An approach to systematically implement open-closed string duality for free large $N$ gauge theories is summarised. We show how the relevant closed string moduli space emerges from a reorganisation of the Feynman diagrams contributing to…
We introduce appropriate definitions of dimensions in order to characterize the fractal properties of complex networks. We compute these dimensions in a hierarchically structured network of particular interest. In spite of the nontrivial…
We study the formation and evolution of an interconnected string network in large-scale field-theory numerical simulations, both in flat spacetime and in expanding universe. The network consists of gauge U(1) strings of two different kinds…
In this paper we prove several results on normal forms for linear displacement context-free grammars. The results themselves are rather simple and use well-known techniques, but they are extensively used in more complex constructions.…
We reexamine democratic open string field theories, namely, theories in which string fields are not constrained to a single picture number and picture changing is obtained as a gauge transformation. We describe several possibilities for…
New classes of distance-constrained structures are introduced, namely string-node nets and meshes, a mesh being a string-node net for which the nodes are dense in the strings. Various construction schemes are given including the minimal…
It is pointed out that various types of cosmic string solutions that exist in nonsupersymmetric and globally supersymmetric theories, such as D-type gauge strings, F-type global and gauge strings, and superconducting Witten strings, also…
The symmetry classification method is applied to the string-like scalar fields in two-dimensional space-time. When the configurational space is three-dimensional and reducible we present the complete list of the systems admiting higher…
Schild's null (tensionless) strings are discussed in certain flat and curved backgrounds. We find closed, stationary, null strings as natural configurations existing on the horizons of spacetimes which possess such null hypersurfaces.…
The solution term by term to the scattering of all consistent string theories is given. The moduli space of M-theory is derived and connects the various string theories. The solutions contain both the perturbative and non-perturbative…
We discuss different formulations and approaches to string theory and $ 2d$ quantum gravity. The generic idea to get a unique description of {\it many} different string vacua altogether is demonstrated on the examples in $ 2d$ conformal,…
After briefly reviewing basic concepts of perturbative string theory, we explain in simple terms some of the new findings that created excitement among the string physicists. These developments include non-perturbative dualities and a…
We present an overview of both older and recent developments concerning scale separation in string theory. We focus on parametric scale separation obtained at the classical level in flux compactifications down to AdS vacua. We review the…
We consider an extension of a special class of conformal sigma models (`chiral null models') which describe extreme supersymmetric string solutions. The new models contain both `left' and `right' vector couplings and should correspond to…
We show how a noncommutative phase space appears in a natural way in noncritical string theory, the noncommutative deformation parameter being the string coupling.
Searching for space/time noncommutativity we reconsider open strings in a constant background electric field. The main difference between this situation and its magnetic counterpart is that here there is a critical electric field beyond…
A geometric interpretation of quantum self-interacting string field theory is given. Relations between various approaches to the second quantization of an interacting string are described in terms of the geometric quantization. An algorithm…
It has recently been realised that strings with time-dependent tensions exhibit interesting dynamics; in particular, when the tension decreases loops of string can grow and possibly percolate. We extend previous analytic studies of strings…
We derive the effect of instantons in the Penner model. It is known that the free energies of the Penner model and the c=1 noncritical string at self-dual radius agree in a suitable double scaling limit. On the other hand, the instanton in…
We explore the possibility of string theories in only four spacetime dimensions without any additional compactified dimensions. We show that, provided the theory is defined in curved spacetime that has a cosmological interpration, it is…