Related papers: Minimal Area Nonorientable String Diagrams

We study open and unoriented strings in a Topological Membrane (TM) theory through orbifolds of the bulk 3D space. This is achieved by gauging discrete symmetries of the theory. Open and unoriented strings can be obtained from all possible…

We continue and extend our earlier investigation ``Strings in a Time-Dependent Orbifold'' (hep-th/0204168). We formulate conditions for an orbifold to be amenable to perturbative string analysis and classify the low dimensional orbifolds…

We uncover a remarkable role that an infinite hierarchy of non-linear differential equations plays in organizing and connecting certain {hat c}<1 string theories non-perturbatively. We are able to embed the type 0A and 0B (A,A) minimal…

In this paper, we address the minimum-area rectangular and square annulus problem, which asks a rectangular or square annulus of minimum area, either in a fixed orientation or over all orientations, that encloses a set $P$ of $n$ input…

Nonperturbative corrections in type II string theory corresponding to Riemann surfaces with one boundary are calculated in several noncompact geometries of desingularized orbifolds. One of these models has a complicated phase structure…

We discuss general properties of classical string field theories with symmetric vertices in the context of deformation theory. For a given conformal background there are many string field theories corresponding to different decomposition of…

This paper identifies a new class of shape invariant models. These models are based on extensions of conventional quantum mechanics that satisfy a string-motivated minimal length uncertainty relation. An important feature of our…

Recently, a potential for string backgrounds is obtained from string geometry theory, which is a candidate for the non-perturbative formulation of string theory. By substituting a string phenomenological model with free parameters to the…

In this short letter we present a class of remarkably simple solutions to Witten's open string field theory that describe marginal deformations of the underlying boundary conformal field theory. The solutions we consider correspond to…

We prove that sparse string graphs in a fixed surface have linear expansion. We extend this result to the more general setting of sparse region intersection graphs over any proper minor-closed class. The proofs are combinatorial and…

Intrinsic and extrinsic geometric properties of string world sheets in curved space-time background are explored. In our formulation, the only dynamical degrees of freedom of the string are its immersion coordinates. Classical equation of…

This paper studies Minimum Spanning Trees under incomplete information for its vertices. We assume that no information is available on the precise placement of vertices so that it is only known that vertices belong to some neighborhoods…

String diagrams are a powerful tool for reasoning about physical processes, logic circuits, tensor networks, and many other compositional structures. The distinguishing feature of these diagrams is that edges need not be connected to…

Even at tree level, the first quantized string theory suffers from apparent short distance singularities associated with collision of vertex operators that prevent us from straightforward numerical computation of various quantities.…

We consider a class of conformal models describing closed strings in axially symmetric stationary magnetic flux tube backgrounds. These models are closed string analogs of the Landau model of a particle in a magnetic field or the model of…

This chapter provides a comprehensive survey of foundational results and recent advances concerning minimal generating sets for the mapping class group of a nonorientable surface, $\mathrm{Mod}(N_{g})$, and its index-two twist subgroup,…

We demonstrate that dynamical noncommutative space-time will give rise to deformed oscillator algebras. In turn, starting from some q-deformations of these algebras in a two dimensional space for which the entire deformed Fock space can be…

We give a detailed study of the associativity anomaly in open string field theory from the viewpoint of the split string and Moyal formalisms. The origin of the anomaly is reduced to the properties of the special infinite size matrices…

String geometry theory is a candidate of the non-perturvative formulation of string theory. In this theory, strings constitute not only particles but also the space-time. In this review, we identify perturbative vacua, and derive the…

We study the problem of finding curves of minimum pointwise-maximum arc-length derivative of curvature, here simply called curves of minimax spirality, among planar curves of fixed length with prescribed endpoints and tangents at the…