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This thesis considers two different aspects of string theory, the tensionless limit of the string and supersymmetric sigma models. The tensionless limit is used to find a IIB supergravity background generated by a tensionless string.…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-04-16 Jonas Persson

The gauging of isometries in general sigma-models which include fermionic terms which represent the interaction of strings with background Yang-Mills fields is considered. Gauging is possible only if certain obstructions are absent. The…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-07-19 C. M. Hull

The recently established metric reduction in generalized geometry is encoded in 0-dimensional supersymmetric $\sigma$-models. This is an example of balanced topological field theories. To find the geometric content of such models, the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2017-09-14 Yicao Wang

Jacobi sigma models are two-dimensional topological non-linear field theories which are associated with Jacobi structures. The latter can be considered as a generalization of Poisson structures. After reviewing the main properties and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-09-30 Francesco Bascone , Franco Pezzella , Patrizia Vitale

These are a set of lecture notes on generalized global symmetries in quantum field theory. The focus is on invertible symmetries with a few comments regarding non-invertible symmetries. The main topics covered are the basics of higher-form…

Global symmetries can be generalised to transformations generated by topological operators, including cases in which the topological operator does not have an inverse. A family of such topological operators are intimately related to…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-01-29 Guillermo Arias-Tamargo , Chris Hull , Maxwell L. Velásquez Cotini Hutt

We introduce a notion of topological M-theory and argue that it provides a unification of form theories of gravity in various dimensions. Its classical solutions involve G_2 holonomy metrics on 7-manifolds, obtained from a topological…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Robbert Dijkgraaf , Sergei Gukov , Andrew Neitzke , Cumrun Vafa

We show that in the context of two-dimensional sigma models minimal coupling of an ordinary rigid symmetry Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$ leads naturally to the appearance of the "generalized tangent bundle" $\mathbb{T}M \equiv TM \oplus T^*M$…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-22 Alexei Kotov , Vladimir Salnikov , Thomas Strobl

We analyse the geometry of generic Minkowski $\mathcal{N}=1$, $D=4$ flux compactifications in string theory, the default backgrounds for string model building. In M-theory they are the natural string theoretic extensions of $\mathrm{G}_2$…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-02-04 Anthony Ashmore , Charles Strickland-Constable , David Tennyson , Daniel Waldram

Classical splines feature prominently in approximation theory and numerical analysis, while GKM theory arises in the study of equivariant cohomology. More recently, generalized splines have been studied which simultaneously generalize both…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-04 Kyle Stoltz

In this paper we introduce a notion of {\it generalized operad} containing as special cases various kinds of operad--like objects: ordinary, cyclic, modular, properads etc. We then construct inner cohomomorphism objects in their categories…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2011-01-10 D. Borisov , Yu. I. Manin

We give an introductory review of topological strings and their application to various aspects of superstrings and supersymmetric gauge theories. This review includes developing the necessary mathematical background for topological strings,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Andrew Neitzke , Cumrun Vafa

These are notes of a series of lectures on mirror symmetry and topological string theory given at the Mathematical Sciences Center at Tsinghua University. The N=2 superconformal algebra, its deformations and its chiral ring are reviewed. A…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2012-07-04 Murad Alim

We continue the development of the topological membrane approach to open and unoriented string theories. We study orbifolds of topologically massive gauge theory defined on the geometry $[0,1]\times\Sigma$, where $\Sigma$ is a generic…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-09-11 P. Castelo Ferreira , I. I. Kogan , R. J. Szabo

The $R^2 F^{2g-2}$ terms of Type IIA strings on Calabi-Yau 3-folds, which are given by the corresponding topological string amplitudes (a worldsheet instanton sum for all genera), are shown to have a simple M-theory interpretation. In…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Rajesh Gopakumar , Cumrun Vafa

We classify the topological terms (in a sense to be made precise) that may appear in a non-linear sigma model based on maps from an arbitrary worldvolume manifold to a homogeneous space $G/H$ (where $G$ is an arbitrary Lie group and $H…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-11-14 Joe Davighi , Ben Gripaios

The generalized string topology construction of Gruher and Salvatore assigns to any bundle of $E_n$-algebras $A$ over a closed oriented manifold $M$ a collection of intersection-type operations on the homology of the total space. These…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2013-07-01 Aaron M Royer

We construct a three-dimensional topological sigma model which is induced from a generalized complex structure on a target generalized complex manifold. This model is constructed from maps from a three-dimensional manifold $X$ to an…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Noriaki Ikeda

We study the equivariant generalization of topological strings on toric manifolds, focusing in particular on defining the contributions of constant maps in the genus expansion of the partition function. This approach regularizes the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-12-05 Luca Cassia , Kiril Hristov

We construct a ring structure on complex cobordism tensored with the rationals, which is related to the usual ring structure as quantum cohomology is related to ordinary cohomology. The resulting object defines a generalized two-…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Jack Morava