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Recognizing spatial relations and reasoning about them is essential in multiple applications including navigation, direction giving and human-computer interaction in general. Spatial relations between objects can either be explicit --…
The pseudo-SU(3) model is extended to explicitly include the spin and proton-neutron degrees of freedom. A general formalism for evaluating matrix elements of one-body and two-body tensor operators within this framework is presented. The…
We present an operational reconstruction of the well-known two-to-one homomorphism between the groups $SU(2)$ and $SO(3)$, grounded in the physical description of quantum state preparation and evolution. Starting from the connection between…
Given two sets of basis vectors in n-dimensional space, there exists a relation between their lengths and mutual angles, expressed as relations between the two metric matrices and the mixed matrix. In this paper these relations are given,…
We study flat directions and soft scalar masses using a $Z_3$ orbifold model with $SU(3) \times SU(2) \times U(1)$ gauge group and extra gauge symmetries including an anomalous $U(1)$ symmetry. Soft scalar masses contain $D$-term…
We regard explanations as a blending of the input sample and the model's output and offer a few definitions that capture various desired properties of the function that generates these explanations. We study the links between these…
These lectures provide an introduction to the basic aspects of the Standard Model, $SU(3)_{C} \times SU(2)_{L} \times U(1)_{Y}$.
This paper introduces a model that identifies spatial relationships for a structural analysis based on the concept of simplicial complex. The spatial relationships are identified through overlapping two map layers, namely a primary layer…
In this short note we present a far generalization of the following very well-known assertion: assume that we have two orthonormal sequences in a Hilbert space and these sequences are quadratically close to each other. Then if one of these…
Inferential relations govern our concept use. In order to understand a concept it has to be located in a space of implications. There are different kinds of conditions for statements, i.e. that the conditions represent different kinds of…
We use geometric techniques to explicitly find the topological structure of the space of SO(3)-representations of the fundamental group of a closed surface of genus 2 quotient by the conjugation action by SO(3). There are two components of…
It is well known that related with the irreducible representations of the Lie group $SO(2)$ we find a discrete basis as well a continuous one. In this paper we revisited this situation under the light of Rigged Hilbert spaces, which are the…
The functional relations of the transfer matrices of fusion hierachies for six- and eight-vertex models with open boundary conditions have been presented in this paper. We have shown the su($2$) fusion rule for the models with more general…
Riemannian geometry in four dimensions naturally leads to an SL(3) connection that annihilates a basis for self-dual two-forms. Einstein's equations may be written in terms of an SO(3) connection, with SO(3) chosen as an appropriate…
We extend two kinds of causal models, structural equation models and simulation models, to infinite variable spaces. This enables a semantics for conditionals founded on a calculus of intervention, and axiomatization of causal reasoning for…
We generalize the SU(2|2) supersymmetric extended Hubbard model of 1/r2 interaction to the SU(m|n) supersymmetric case. Integrable models may be defined on both uniform lattice and non-uniform one dimensional lattices. We study both cases…
With the use of two kinds of boson operators, a new boson representation of the su(2)-algebra is proposed. The basic idea comes from the pseudo su(1,1)-algebra recently given by the present authors. It forms a striking contrast to the…
We examine basis functions on momentum space for the three dimensional Euclidean Snyder algebra. We argue that the momentum space is isomorphic to the SO(3) group manifold, and that the basis functions span either one of two Hilbert spaces.…
We initiate the study of correspondences for Smale spaces. Correspondences are shown to provide a notion of a generalized morphism between Smale spaces and are a special case of finite equivalences. Furthermore, for shifts of finite type, a…
Complex systems can be modelled at various levels of detail. Ideally, causal models of the same system should be consistent with one another in the sense that they agree in their predictions of the effects of interventions. We formalise…